ORIGINAL RESEARCH article
Front. Neurol.
Sec. Neuro-Otology
Construction and Efficacy Evaluation of a Prognostic Assessment Model for Corticosteroid treatment in Patients with Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss Based on Lipid Metabolism Profile
Gaoqing Luo
Qinghua Lin
Chenglong Xiao
Jingyi Zheng
Fuzhou provincial governmental Hospital, Fuzhou, China
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Abstract
Objective To explore the correlation between lipid metabolism profile, clinical indicators and prognosis of corticosteroid treatment in sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL) patients, and construct/verify a prognostic assessment model based on lipid metabolism profile for clinical individualized treatment. Methods A retrospective study enrolled 446 SSNHL patients (divided into training set, n=312; validation set, n=134) who received corticosteroid treatment. Patients were grouped into good/poor prognosis groups by 4-week post-treatment pure tone average (PTA) improvement. Differences in indicators were compared; multivariate logistic regression identified independent factors to build a nomogram. Calibration curves, decision curve analysis (DCA) and ROC curves evaluated the model. Results Poor prognosis group had higher age, diabetes/hypertension rates, ApoB/ApoB/ApoA ratio, non-HDL-C, disease duration, total deafness rate, and lower HDL-C/ApoA (all P<0.05). Independent factors: older age, diabetes, higher ApoB/ApoA ratio, longer disease duration (risk factors), higher HDL-C (protective factor, all P<0.05). The nomogram showed good consistency (Hosmer-Lemeshow P=0.960/0.472), predictive efficacy (AUC=0.785/0.744) and clinical net benefits in both sets. Conclusion Age, diabetes, HDL-C, ApoB/ApoA ratio and disease duration are key factors for SSNHL corticosteroid treatment prognosis. The nomogram based on these indicators has reliable predictive efficacy, serving as an effective tool for clinical prognosis assessment and individualized treatment.
Summary
Keywords
Corticosteroid treatment, Lipid Metabolism, nomogram, prognosis, Sudden sensorineural hearing loss
Received
17 December 2025
Accepted
14 February 2026
Copyright
© 2026 Luo, Lin, Xiao and Zheng. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
*Correspondence: Gaoqing Luo; Qinghua Lin
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