REVIEW article

Front. Neurosci.

Sec. Neuropharmacology

Volume 19 - 2025 | doi: 10.3389/fnins.2025.1544311

Behavioral Manifestations and Underlying Mechanisms of Amphetamine in Constructing Animal Models of Mania: A Comprehensive Review

Provisionally accepted
Zi-Qi DengZi-Qi Deng1Xiao-Chen SiXiao-Chen Si2Jia-Bin SongJia-Bin Song2Jin-Yao LiJin-Yao Li2Lu SunLu Sun2Xue DangXue Dang2Yanchen FengYanchen Feng3Yanchen FengYanchen Feng3Feixiang LiuFeixiang Liu3*
  • 1School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
  • 2Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
  • 3First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China

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Mania is a mind disorder with heightened emotions, etc. Amphetamine (AMPH), a drug with central nervous system excitatory effects, can disrupt neurotransmitter release and metabolism, causing mania. AMPH-induced animal models of mania show increased risk and reward-seeking behaviors and excessive locomotion like mania patients, verifiable by tests like Elevated Plus Maze. It also impacts neurotransmitter balance in different brain regions, aligning with the imbalance in mania patients. Multiple signaling pathways including extracellular regulated protein kinases and others are involved, and their altered activities link to mania symptoms. In the AMPH-induced mania model, regions like the frontal cortex have increased oxidative stress and inflammatory response. Moreover, AMPH changes neurotrophin levels, potentially causing neuronal damage and cognitive impairment. In summary, the AMPH-induced mania animal model is crucial for studying mania's pathogenesis. However, further in-depth studies on neurotransmitter regulation, signaling pathway intervention, and neurotrophic factors are needed to develop more effective and personalized treatment plans.

Keywords: mania, Amphetamine, neurotransmitter, Signal pathway, Animal mode

Received: 20 Dec 2024; Accepted: 15 Apr 2025.

Copyright: © 2025 Deng, Si, Song, Li, Sun, Dang, Feng, Feng and Liu. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

* Correspondence: Feixiang Liu, First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China

Disclaimer: All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.

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