REVIEW article
Front. Neurosci.
Sec. Gut-Brain Axis
Volume 19 - 2025 | doi: 10.3389/fnins.2025.1597170
This article is part of the Research TopicAdvances in Immunobiology of InflammationView all 3 articles
Intestinal Ischemia-Reperfusion and Blood-Brain Barrier Compromise: Pathways to Cognitive Dysfunction
Provisionally accepted
Opeyemi Hammed1,2*
Oladele Afolabi1
Richard Ajike1*Samuel Hezekiah1Babatunde Alabi3David Ajao1,4Waidi Saka1Olubunmi Oyekunle1Bamidele Olusola5- 1Department of Physiology, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology., Ogbomoso, Oyo State,, Nigeria
- 2Experimental Animal Resource Division, Helix Biogen Institute, Ogbomosho, Oyo, Nigeria
- 3Department of pharmacology and therapeutics, Bowen University Teaching Hospital, Oyo, Nigeria
- 4Department of Nursing, Kings University, Odeomu, Osun, Nigeria
- 5Department of Public Health, College of Health Sciences and Public Policy, Walden University, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States
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Intestinal ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury, a disorder occurring from interruption of blood flow to the intestines followed by its restoration, causes a cascade of events leading to systemic consequences, including cognitive impairment. This study analyses the complicated link between intestinal I/R damage and blood-brain barrier (BBB) compromise, highlighting essential processes such as systemic inflammation, gut microbiota dysbiosis, oxidative stress, vagus nerve activation, and altered gut microbial metabolite production. During I/R injury, the weakened gut barrier permits the translocation of microbial products and inflammatory mediators into the circulation, beginning systemic inflammation that disrupts the BBB and exacerbates neuronal damage. Furthermore, gut microbiota dysbiosis and altered gut microbial metabolite synthesis, such as short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), can impact neuronal signaling and cognitive processes. By delineating these pathways, this study seeks to provide a comprehensive knowledge of the intricate interplay between intestinal I/R injury, BBB integrity, and cognitive function, opening the way for potential therapeutic approaches.
Keywords: Intestinal ischemia-reperfusion injury, Blood-Brain Barrier, cognitive dysfunction, systemic inflammation, Gut microbiota dysbiosis, Gut microbial metabolites
Received: 20 Mar 2025; Accepted: 18 Jun 2025.
Copyright: © 2025 Hammed, Afolabi, Ajike, Hezekiah, Alabi, Ajao, Saka, Oyekunle and Olusola. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
* Correspondence:
Opeyemi Hammed, Department of Physiology, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology., Ogbomoso, Oyo State,, Nigeria
Richard Ajike, Department of Physiology, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology., Ogbomoso, Oyo State,, Nigeria
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