Taking the Pulse: A Qualitative Study on Pulse Survey Implementation

Hanne Berthelsen^*Tuija Muhonen

• Malmö University, Malmö, Sweden

Employee surveys are widely used in organisations as tools for decision-making and monitoring change, for example, concerning psychosocial risk management. Pulse surveys—short, frequent questionnaires—have become increasingly popular in Sweden and other countries. However, there is a notable lack of research examining these practices. This study aims to gain a deeper understanding of why and how organisations utilise pulse surveys, as well as the success factors and pitfalls related to these practices. Sixteen key employees from organisations employing pulse surveys were selected to capture variation in occupational roles, work sectors, and workplace sizes. Semi-structured, in-depth interview data were analysed using qualitative thematic analysis. Three overarching themes were identified: (1) implementation of pulse surveys; (2) stakeholder perspectives; and (3) methodological and ethical challenges. Despite significant variation in pulse surveying practices, monitoring engagement and satisfaction was in focus. HR professionals played a central role, and sustained high-level commitment from line management was required for successful implementation. The findings highlighted significant methodological and ethical issues, e.g. related to surveying groups with only a few employees and managers who are constantly under the magnifying glass. It is also noteworthy that pulse survey processes were generally not integrated with psychosocial risk management practices. This study emphasises the significance of managerial commitment and engagement in effectively following up on pulse surveys. It identifies ethical considerations and concludes that pulse surveys can complement annual comprehensive risk assessments by providing valuable insights into emerging hazards and supporting action plan implementation.