"Current Trends and Topics in Robotic Surgical Education"

Nikolaos Liakos^1,2*Rudolf Moritz³Martin Janssen⁴Christian Wagner⁵

• ¹Universitatsklinikum Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
• ²Medical Faculty, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
• ³Marienhospital Herne, Herne, Germany
• ⁴Universitatsklinikum Munster, Münster, Germany
• ⁵St Antonius Hospital Gronau GmbH, Gronau, Germany

Robot-assisted surgery has drastically transformed the whole landscape of minimally invasive procedures, offering enhanced precision, optimized ergonomics as well as optimized patient outcomes. As robotic platforms continuously evolve, the educational framework that trains new surgeons changes in character and structure. This editorial explores the emerging trends and needs shaping the future of robot-assisted surgical education.From ``see one, do one, teach one``to structured curricula Traditional surgical training relied heavily on the apprenticeship model. In robot-assisted surgery, however, this is not an apposite example of training. The mechanical complexity of current robotic systems, the steep learning curve and the need for reproducible outcomes demand structured competency-based curricula. Structured training programs such as the ERUS Certified Curriculum (ccERUS) exemplify this shift, including simulation, modular assessments and supervised clinical exposure to ensure independent proficiency in procedures like robotic-assisted radical prostatectomy. Simulation has become a cornerstone of robot-assisted surgical education. High-fidelity virtual reality platforms and dry-lab models allow trainees to develop hand-eye coordination, ambidexterity skills and procedural fluency without any patient risk. Objective metrics enable standardized assessment of both technical and non-technical skills. The integration of augmented reality and AIdriven feedback systems is poised to further personalize as well as accelerate the learning process. Robot-assisted surgery is not a solo endeavor, no ``one-man-show``. Effective communication, full situational awareness, and safe decision-making are essential principles in every single operating room. Current educational programs increasingly emphasize non-technical skills, incorporating team-based simulations and further cognitive training. These elements are vital not only for safety but also for shaping not only leadership but also so much needed resilience in surgical theaters. A seriously overlooked aspect of surgical education is mental health. The cognitive demands of robotassisted surgery, combined with the current performance pressure and the irksome ergonomic challenges may and can impact surgeons` well-being. Currently developing training frameworks must address this by promoting reflective feedback, mental support and awareness of possible workassociated burnout. A healthy surgeon is essential for safe surgical practice. The future of robot-assisted surgical education lies in continuous adaptability, outcome-driven refinement of surgical practice and interdisciplinary collaboration. As technology advances, educators must remain agile-integrating innovations while preserving core surgical principles. By fostering a culture of excellence, safety and compassion, we can ensure that robot-assisted surgery continues to benefit patients and strengthen the next generation of surgeons.