ORIGINAL RESEARCH article

Front. Vet. Sci.

Sec. Veterinary Epidemiology and Economics

Volume 12 - 2025 | doi: 10.3389/fvets.2025.1562883

This article is part of the Research TopicEmerging Vector-Borne Viral Diseases in Ruminants: Drivers, Transmission, and Control StrategiesView all articles

Heterogenous within-herd seroprevalence against Epizootic Hemorrhagic Disease Virus type 8 (EHDV-8) after massive virus circulation in cattle in France, 2023

Provisionally accepted
Corinne AnthoniozCorinne Anthonioz1Yann AbadieYann Abadie2Elodie ReversatElodie Reversat3Annie LafargueAnnie Lafargue4Manon DelalandeManon Delalande5Thierry RenaudineauThierry Renaudineau6Laurent DelobelLaurent Delobel7Nathalie VerdeilleNathalie Verdeille8David Ngwa MbotDavid Ngwa Mbot9Kristel GacheKristel Gache9Emmanuel GARINEmmanuel GARIN9Fabien CorbiereFabien Corbiere10*
  • 1Groupement de Défense Sanitaire du Tarn et Garonne, Montauban, France
  • 2Groupement de Défense Sanitaire des Hautes-Pyrénées, Tarbes, France
  • 3Groupement de Défense Sanitaire de l’Ariège, Foix, France
  • 4Groupement de Défense Sanitaire du Lot-et-Garonne, Agen, France
  • 5Groupement de Défense Sanitaire des Deux-Sèvres, Vouillé, France
  • 6Groupement de Défense Sanitaire de la Vendée, La Roche sur Yon, France
  • 7Groupement de Défense Sanitaire de la Loire-Atlantique, Nantes, France, Nantes, France
  • 8Groupement de Défense Sanitaire du Tarn, Albi, France
  • 9Fédération nationale des Groupements de Défense Sanitaire (GDS France), Paris, France
  • 10INRAE Occitanie Toulouse, Castanet-Tolosan, France

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The emergence of Epizootic Hemorrhagic Disease in mainland France in 2023 led to thousands of clinical outbreaks in cattle herds and likely led to the natural immunization of a large number of animals. However, uncertainties persist regarding the extent of this immunity, both within herds and across affected regions. This study therefore aimed at investigating the variability of within-herd seroprevalence in clinically affected and non-affected herds across geographical areas with differing levels of disease incidence.A study was launched in February 2024 to assess the variability of within-herd seroprevalence in three geographical areas with varying EHDV-8 clinical incidence. A total of 2,763 serums samples from cattle over 24 months in 30 herds with clinical outbreaks and 31 herds without reported clinical case were analyzed using a commercial competitive ELISA.Results: A strong south-north seroprevalence gradient was observed, with the highest animal-level seroprevalence evidenced in the southernmost zone (Pyrenean Piémont) (82.6 %, CI 95%: 81.1 -83.9), which also experienced the highest incidence of clinical outbreaks. In contrast, significantly lower seroprevalence levels were found in the more northern areas: (zone 2: 11.6%, 95% CI: 10.7-12.7; zone 3: 0.3%, 95% CI: 0.1-1.1), where clinical outbreaks were less frequent. The within-herd seroprevalence varied widely among herds but was significantly higher in those located in the southernmost zone, compared to other areas. Within each zone, no significant differences in seroprevalence were observed between clinical outbreak herds and non-outbreak herds.Discussion: this study highlights significant geographic and between herd variability in seroprevalence against EHDV-8 after the major virus circulation experienced in 2023, and provides critical insights into regional risks and the potential impact of future EHDV-8 circulation.

Keywords: Cattle, Epizootic Hemorrhagic Disease Virus type 8, Epidemiology, seroprevalence, Immunity

Received: 18 Jan 2025; Accepted: 30 Apr 2025.

Copyright: © 2025 Anthonioz, Abadie, Reversat, Lafargue, Delalande, Renaudineau, Delobel, Verdeille, Ngwa Mbot, Gache, GARIN and Corbiere. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

* Correspondence: Fabien Corbiere, INRAE Occitanie Toulouse, Castanet-Tolosan, France

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