ORIGINAL RESEARCH article
Front. Vet. Sci.
Sec. Animal Reproduction - Theriogenology
Volume 12 - 2025 | doi: 10.3389/fvets.2025.1565807
This article is part of the Research TopicExploring 'Omic' Biomarkers in Animal Production and ReproductionView all 10 articles
Transcriptome and Proteome of Ovarian Revealed the Differences in the Ovaries of Dairy Goats During the Breeding and Non-breeding Seasons
Provisionally accepted
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Agriculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
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Abstract: Dairy goats represent a crucial species within global dairy livestock. In temperate regions with distinct seasons, dairy goats exhibit reduced reproductive activity under long photoperiod conditions—a phase termed the non-breeding season. This poses a significant challenge to sustaining year-round goat milk production. As the pivotal organ for reproduction, the molecular regulatory mechanisms of the ovary in seasonal breeding remain incompletely characterized. This study investigated the variations in gonadotropin levels in dairy goats across breeding and non-breeding seasons, alongside an evaluation of follicle size and quantity. Furthermore, ovarian differences were explored at the molecular level using transcriptomic and proteomic methodologies. The findings indicate that follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) levels in dairy goats are significantly reduced during the non-breeding season compared to the breeding season(P<0.05). Furthermore, follicle sizes in dairy goats are notably larger during the breeding season relative to the non-breeding season(P<0.05). A total of 1115 differentially expressed genes(DEGs) were identified, comprising 749 upregulated and 366 downregulated genes. Additionally, 520 differentially expressed proteins(DEPs) were identified, with 162 upregulated and 358 downregulated. The identified common DEGs and DEPs exhibiting consistent expression patterns include TMEM205, TM7SF2, SLC35G1, GSTM1, and ABHD6. These DEGs and DEPs suppress follicular development during the non-breeding season by regulating steroid hormone biosynthesis. In conclusion, these results offer novel insights into the seasonal reproductive mechanisms of dairy goats.
Keywords: Dairy goat, Transcriptome, Proteome, Ovary, Seasonal Reproduction
Received: 23 Jan 2025; Accepted: 13 Jun 2025.
Copyright: © 2025 ShI, Liu, Wang, He, Zhao, Zhang, Zhu and LUO. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
* Correspondence: JUN LUO, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Agriculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
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