ORIGINAL RESEARCH article
Front. Vet. Sci.
Sec. Veterinary Infectious Diseases
Volume 12 - 2025 | doi: 10.3389/fvets.2025.1586258
Evaluation of the multivalent immune protective effects of the Vibrio fluvialis outer membrane protein VF17320, and its DNA and IgY antibody vaccines in fish
Provisionally accepted
Huihui Xiao1Pan Cui1Jing Chen1孟丽冰 Meng1Xixian Che1Zijian Ma1Xiaoqing Wu1Juan Lu1
Shujun Sun1
Guoping Zhu2
Yong Liu1*
Xiang Liu1*- 1Fuyang Normal University, Fuyang, Anhui Province, China
- 2Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui Province, China
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Introduction: Vaccines exhibit characteristics such as no residue, low drug resistance, and environmental friendliness, and demonstrate application value in aquaculture. Methods and results: The protein, DNA, and egg yolk antibody (IgY) vaccines targeting the Vibrio fluvialis outer membrane protein VF17320 were immunized to fish (Carassius auratus) and subsequently challenged with V. fluvialis and Aeromonas hydrophila. The results indicated that the three vaccines enhanced the expression levels of immune-related factors of acid phosphatase (ACP), alkaline phosphatase (AKP) and lysozyme (LZM) (p < 0.01), provided immune protection against bacterial infections (p < 0.01), effectively reduced kidney bacterial counts (p < 0.01), and increased the phagocytic activity of white blood cells in C. auratus (p < 0.01). Furthermore, the three vaccines downregulated the expression of inflammation-related genes (p < 0.01) and antioxidant-related factors (p < 0.01) to mitigate the inflammatory and antioxidant response in C. auratus, respectively. Histopathology revealed that the three vaccines preserved the integrity of visceral tissue, and immunofluorescence demonstrated that the vaccines reduced apoptosis and DNA damage in the kidney cells induced by bacterial infection. Discussion: Overall, the three vaccines exhibit the potential to combat various bacterial infections and can serve as multivalent vaccine candidates for aquaculture.
Keywords: Vibrio fluvialis, Multivalent vaccine, Protein vaccine, IgY vaccine, DNA vaccine
Received: 02 Mar 2025; Accepted: 02 Jun 2025.
Copyright: © 2025 Xiao, Cui, Chen, Meng, Che, Ma, Wu, Lu, Sun, Zhu, Liu and Liu. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
* Correspondence:
Yong Liu, Fuyang Normal University, Fuyang, 236037, Anhui Province, China
Xiang Liu, Fuyang Normal University, Fuyang, 236037, Anhui Province, China
Disclaimer: All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.