ORIGINAL RESEARCH article
Front. Vet. Sci.
Sec. Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology
Volume 12 - 2025 | doi: 10.3389/fvets.2025.1595137
This article is part of the Research TopicAntimicrobial Resistance in Dairy and Poultry Production: Challenges and SolutionsView all articles
Development and evaluation of mPEG -PLLA polymer micelles encapsulating enrofloxacin for enhanced solubility, bioavailability, and antibacterial performance
Provisionally accepted
- Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
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The aim of this study was to prepare polymer micelles composed of enrofloxacin (ENR) and methoxy poly (ethylene glycol)-poly(lactide) micelles (mPEG-PLLA) by a solvent evaporation method for overcoming ENR solubility-limited oral bioavailability. The formulation was optimized with a Box-Behnken Design (BBD) to obtain ENR polymers micelles (ENR-m) of high drug loading (DL, %) and entrapment efficiency (EE, %). The physicochemical properties, in vitro drug release, pharmacokinetics and antibacterial efficacy was evaluated in comparison to the pure ENR. ENR-m was successfully prepared and exhibited satisfactory drug loading (68.38 ± 0.22%), entrapment efficiency (88.40 ± 0.91%), particle size (133.67 ± 3.10 nm) and polydispersity index (0.13 ± 0.03). ENR-m exhibited outstanding stability in the environment (40 °C and 75 % RH). In vitro release of ENR from micelles can be accelerated in PBS solution. The pharmacokinetic study in beagles revealed the oral bioavailability of ENR-m was enhanced approximately 1.60-fold compared with pure ENR (P < 0.01) and 1.66-fold compared with commercially available tablets of ENR (P < 0.01). The antibacterial activity of ENR-m for Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Salmonella typhi (S. typhi) was stronger than pure ENR.
Keywords: enrofloxacin, MPEG-PLLA, micelles, Oral bioavailability, Antibacterial activity
Received: 17 Mar 2025; Accepted: 18 Jun 2025.
Copyright: © 2025 Sun, Mao, He and Zhao. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
* Correspondence:
Xin He, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
Xinghua Zhao, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
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