ORIGINAL RESEARCH article

Front. Vet. Sci.

Sec. Animal Nutrition and Metabolism

Volume 12 - 2025 | doi: 10.3389/fvets.2025.1619420

This article is part of the Research TopicThreats and Strategies of Nutritional Metabolic Disorders and Poisoning Diseases in RuminantsView all 14 articles

Synergistic effects of Chinese Herbal Formula combined with Microcin J25 against Escherichia coli and Salmonella in calf diarrhea and clinical evaluation of preventive and therapeutic effects in the Ningxia Region

Provisionally accepted
Dongzhao DingDongzhao Ding1Lei-Xin ZhuLei-Xin Zhu1Qian ShaoQian Shao2Xin LiXin Li3Yinchao TongYinchao Tong1Wen ZhangWen Zhang2FuJiang WangFuJiang Wang3Yunpeng FanYunpeng Fan1Qi YangQi Yang2SuZhu QingSuZhu Qing1*WeiMin ZhangWeiMin Zhang1*
  • 1College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang, China
  • 2Veterinary Drugs and Animal Feedstuffs of Ningxia Supervision Institute, Yinchuan, 750004, P.R. China, yinchuan, China
  • 3Center for Animal Disease Prevention Control and Health Supervision, Zhongwei, 755000, P.R. China, zhongwei, China

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Calf diarrhea is one of the most common diseases causing significant economic losses in the livestock industry. In this study, a total of 100 diarrheic calves fecal samples were collected from 10 cattle farms in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region. 97 E. coli strains and 20 Salmonella strains were detected. In vitro, the combination of Chinese Herbal Formula (CHF) and Microcin J25(MCJ) showed a synergistic inhibitory effect against E. coli and Salmonella. Moreover, the combined treatment also showed Virulence inhibitory activity. In vivo, the combination effectively reduced the incidence of diarrhea in healthy calves in dose-dependence.In summary, our study indicated that the combination of Chinese Herbal Formula (CHF) and Microcin J25(MCJ) effectively combats multidrug-resistant E. coli and Salmonella, improving both prevention and treatment of calf diarrhea by enhancing immunity and restoring gut microbiota balance. * P＜0.05. NC, Negative control group; MCJ, Calves treated with Microcin J25; CHFL, CHFM, CHFH, Calves treated with low, medium, and high-dose Chinese herbal formula. COML, COMM, COMH, Calves treated with low, medium, and high-dose Chinese herbal formula combined with Microcin J25, respectively.

Keywords: Calf diarrhea, Pathogen investigation, Chinese herbal formula, Microcin J25, Gut Microbiota

Received: 28 Apr 2025; Accepted: 09 Jun 2025.

Copyright: © 2025 Ding, Zhu, Shao, Li, Tong, Zhang, Wang, Fan, Yang, Qing and Zhang. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

* Correspondence:
SuZhu Qing, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang, China
WeiMin Zhang, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang, China

Disclaimer: All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.

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