ORIGINAL RESEARCH article
Front. Vet. Sci.
Sec. Veterinary Epidemiology and Economics
Volume 12 - 2025 | doi: 10.3389/fvets.2025.1629211
Molecular Characteristics of a Potentially Novel BVDV (Pestivirus bovis) Genotype 1b Isolate from Commercial Foetal Bovine Serum
Provisionally accepted
Juanjuan Pan1Jianfeng Jiang2
Shijiang Mi3Xintong Chen1Ruli Duan1
Shandian Gao4Ling Kuang1
Panpan Tong1
Jinxin Xie1,5*- 1Laboratory of Animal Etiology and Epidemiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, China
- 2State Key Laboratory for Zoonotic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin Universitygrid.64924.3d, Changchun, China
- 3Changchun Research Veterinary Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, China
- 4State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
- 5Xinjiang Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Development for Herbivores, Urumqi, China
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Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) is commonly detected in biological products such as tissues and serum. This study identified BVDV contamination in a commercially available fetal bovine serum (FBS) sample. To determine whether the detected virus was infectious or merely genetic material, the FBS was inoculated into Madin-Darby bovine kidney (MDBK) cells. Following six serial passages, both indirect immunofluorescence assay results and electron microscopic visualization of viral particles confirmed the presence of infectious BVDV. The isolated strain, designated BI-2023, had a complete genome length of 12,273 nucleotides. Comparative sequence analysis showed that the 5′ untranslated region (UTR) and full genome of BI-2023 shared 87.4-97.1% and 92.4-95.2% nucleotide identity, respectively, with reference strains of BVDV1 (Pestivirus bovis) genotype 1b. Phylogenetic analyses based on the 5′UTR and whole genome placed BI-2023 within the genotype 1b cluster of Pestivirus bovis. Several amino acid substitutions were identified in the E2 and E rns proteins of the BI-2023 regions involved in immune evasion and viral secretion. This suggests this strain may represent a distinct variant within the genotype 1b group. These results highlight the critical need for routine viral screening in commercial FBS preparations.
Keywords: Pestivirus bovis, genotype 1b, Fetal bovine serum, contamination, Novel strain
Received: 15 May 2025; Accepted: 08 Aug 2025.
Copyright: © 2025 Pan, Jiang, Mi, Chen, Duan, Gao, Kuang, Tong and Xie. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
* Correspondence: Jinxin Xie, Laboratory of Animal Etiology and Epidemiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, China
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