ORIGINAL RESEARCH article
Front. Vet. Sci.
Sec. Animal Reproduction - Theriogenology
Volume 12 - 2025 | doi: 10.3389/fvets.2025.1645967
Ameliorative Effects of Brassica oleracea var. viridis Ethanol Extract and Fractions on Cimetidine-Induced Reproductive Toxicity in Male Wistar Rats
Provisionally accepted
IKUOMOLA EMMANUEL ORIRE1*
Victor Otu Oka1Daniel Udofia Owu1Olufunke Onaadepo2Ugwu Nnaemeka Felix Nnaemeka Felix3
Patrick Maduabuchi Aja1- 1Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Kampala International University Western Campus, Kampala, Uganda
- 2University of Abuja College of Health Sciences, Abuja, Nigeria
- 3kampala international university Tanzania, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
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Background: Male infertility is a global health issue, with pharmaceutical agents such as cimetidine contributing significantly to gonadotoxicity through antiandrogenic and oxidative Comment [A1]: Remove the previous topic and replace with new topic. Formatted: Font color: Red Formatted: Font: (Default) Times New Roman, 12 pt, Bold mechanisms. The search for natural, protectivenatural protective agents has highlighted Brassica oleracea var. viridis (collard greens) for its antioxidanttive and endocrine-modulating properties.Objectives: This study evaluated the protective effects of Brassica oleracea var. viridis (collard greens)Brassica oleracea ethanol extract and its solvent fractions on cimetidine-induced reproductive toxicity in male Wistar rats, focusing on body/organ weights, hormonal profiles, antioxidant enzyme activities, and testicular histoarchitecture.Methods: Thirty-five rats were divided into seven groups: control, cimetidine (120 mg/kg), ethanol extract (200 mg/kg), and cimetidine + fractions (aqueous, butanol, hexane). After 8 weeks oral administration of extracts/fractions, sperm parameters, serum hormones (LH, FSH, testosterone), oxidative stress markers (catalase, SOD, MDA), and histopathology were assessed.Results: Cimetidine significantly reduce follicle stimulating hormone(FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH) and testosterone levels at (p<0.05) while increasing oxidative stress, as evidenced by elevated malondialdehyde (MDA) , reduce superoxide dismutase (SOD) and Catalase (CAT). It also caused, also distortion of the testicular architecture. Treatment with the Eethanol extract (ELEBO) and aqueous solvent fractions particularly with ELEBO restored hormonal balance, and antioxidant activity. and Histological analysis revealed preserved testicular architecture in treated groups compared to the degeneration observed in the cimetidineinduced group. degeneration.Brassica oleracea var. viridis exhibits significant protective effects against cimetidine-induced reproductive toxicity through hormonal regulation, antioxidative mechanisms, and tissue preservation. The ELEBOethananol extract of brassica oleracea (ELEBO) fraction showed the most potent activity, supporting its potential use as a therapeutic adjunct in male infertility linked to pharmaceutical exposures.
Keywords: Brassica oleracea, Cimetidine, Collard greens, Oxidative Stress, hormonal regulation Font: Times New Roman Font: (Default) Times New Roman, 12 pt Formatted: Font: Italic 2.3 Ethical Clearance Normal (Web), Justified, Line spacing: 1.5 lines Font: 14 pt
Received: 20 Jun 2025; Accepted: 08 Aug 2025.
Copyright: © 2025 EMMANUEL ORIRE, Otu Oka, Udofia Owu, Onaadepo, Nnaemeka Felix and Aja. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
* Correspondence: IKUOMOLA EMMANUEL ORIRE, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Kampala International University Western Campus, Kampala, Uganda
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