BRIEF RESEARCH REPORT article
Front. Vet. Sci.
Sec. Veterinary Infectious Diseases
Volume 12 - 2025 | doi: 10.3389/fvets.2025.1694586
This article is part of the Research TopicEmerging and re-emerging animal viruses: Advances in diagnosis, pathogenesis and control strategiesView all 7 articles
Maternal and Protective Antibody Responses to E2 Subunit and C-Strain Classical Swine Fever Vaccines in Piglets: A Comparative Analysis
Provisionally accepted
- Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
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Classical swine fever (CSF), caused by the classical swine fever virus (CSFV), is an acute and highly contagious disease affecting swine. In clinical settings, the C-strain vaccine and the E2 subunit vaccine are commonly employed for the prevention and management of the condition. This study monitored the antibody levels of pigs immunized with different CSF vaccines under field conditions, comparing the effects of the classical swine fever virus E2 subunit vaccine and the C-strain vaccine on the duration of maternal antibody maintenance and protective efficacy in fattening pig herds. In the case of sows vaccinated with the E2 subunit vaccine, effective maternal antibodies can be maintained for up to 75 days postpartum, thereby allowing the first vaccination of their piglets to be delayed until 75 days of age. With regard to the immunization of fattening pigs, the E2 subunit vaccine has been demonstrated to confer protection for a period of time sufficient to allow the animals to reach market weight following a single administration of the vaccine. The findings demonstrate that, in comparison with the C-strain vaccine, the E2 subunit vaccine has the capacity to sustain maternal antibodies and protective antibodies over a more protracted period without the necessity for booster immunizations. This translates to a reduction in vaccination frequency and dosage requirements in commercial production. This study provides a theoretical foundation for the optimization of immunization processes within clinical practice.
Keywords: CSFV, C-strain vaccine, E2 subunit vaccine, Immunization, protective efficacy
Received: 28 Aug 2025; Accepted: 17 Oct 2025.
Copyright: © 2025 Ma, Xu, Yang, Zhang, Liu, Li, Liu, Hu, Fan and Li. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
* Correspondence: Jiakui Li, lijk210@sina.com
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