ORIGINAL RESEARCH article
Front. Vet. Sci.
Sec. Veterinary Infectious Diseases
Phylogenetic Analysis of Porcine Circovirus 2 and Its Related Viruses
Provisionally accepted
- 1Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
- 2UltraRISC Technology Co., Ltd., shanghai, China
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ABSTRACT Porcine circovirus (PCV) belongs to the family Circoviridae. Four conventional PCVs (PCV1 to PCV4) have been discovered over time. PCV1 and PCV2 exhibit higher nucleotide identity compared to PCV3 and PCV4. PCV2, in particular, has caused porcine circovirus-associated diseases (PCVAD), posing a significant threat to the global swine industry. Subsequently, unconventional PCVs, including porcine circovirus-like viruses and porcine circovirus-like mini agents, with genome sequences highly homologous to the PCV2 capsid protein sequence, have been reported. This advancement facilitates phylogenetic analysis of these sequences to elucidate the evolutionary history of PCV2, although its true origin remains undetermined. Based on the findings, it is speculated that PCV2 may have originated from ancestral non-coding DNA sequences. This speculation provides new insights into the evolutionary question of which nucleic acid and protein first emerged.
Keywords: PCV2, porcine circovirus-like virus, porcine circovirus-like mini agent, evolutionary, Ancestral sequence
Received: 23 Sep 2025; Accepted: 21 Nov 2025.
Copyright: © 2025 Wen, wen, xiao, xie and He. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
* Correspondence: Libin Wen, wlbwh@hotmail.com
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