Marine Microalgal-Derived Polysaccharides: from the Sources to Potential Applications

Marine microalgal-derived polysaccharides represent a burgeoning field of research within marine biotechnology, offering promising avenues for novel bioactive compounds. Algae, known for synthesizing a diverse array of natural products, have garnered attention for their polysaccharides due to their complex chemical structures and notable bioactivities, such as moisturizing, anti-radiation, immune enhancement, and antiviral properties. The COVID-19 pandemic has intensified interest in these compounds, particularly for their potential as antiviral and immune-boosting agents. While significant research has been conducted on polysaccharides from marine macroalgae like red and brown algae, marine microalgae remain underexplored despite their advantageous traits, such as shorter reproduction cycles and higher species richness. With an estimated 30,000 to 40,000 strains of microalgae identified, the field is ripe for exploration. Current research gaps include the characterization of high polysaccharide-producing species, understanding polysaccharide structures and synthetic pathways, and optimizing cultivation and extraction methods to enhance yield and functionality.

This research topic aims to advance the understanding and application of marine microalgal polysaccharides by developing biotechnological strategies to increase production and tailor synthesis towards biomolecules with specific desired functionalities. The primary objectives include identifying potential microalgae species for polysaccharide production, elucidating the chemical structures and biosynthetic pathways of these polysaccharides, and optimizing low-cost extraction technologies. By addressing these areas, the research seeks to facilitate large-scale production and application of microalgal polysaccharides in various industries.

To gather further insights in the field of marine microalgal polysaccharides, we welcome articles addressing, but not limited to, the following themes:
- Potential microalgae species for polysaccharide production
- Chemical structure of polysaccharides
- High-yield polysaccharide strategies
- Biosynthetic pathways of polysaccharides
- Low-cost extraction technologies of polysaccharides
- Polysaccharide activity evaluation and product development

Keywords: microalgae, polysaccharides, chemical structures, biological activity

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