Biomarkers and Precision Medicine in Myeloid Neoplasms

Myeloid neoplasms, including acute myeloid leukemia (AML), myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS), and myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs), are a diverse group of hematologic malignancies characterized by aberrant clonal proliferation of myeloid cells. Despite advances in classification and treatment, patient outcomes remain variable, underscoring the urgent need for personalized therapeutic strategies. Precision medicine, which integrates genomic, epigenetic, and molecular data to guide individualized care, is transforming the diagnostic and therapeutic landscape of these diseases.

Recent advancements in next-generation sequencing, transcriptomics, proteomics, and single-cell technologies have led to the discovery of novel biomarkers, including gene mutations (e.g., FLT3, IDH1/2, TP53), epigenetic alterations, and immune signatures. These molecular insights are enabling the stratification of patients into more defined risk categories and fostering the development of targeted therapies such as FLT3 inhibitors, IDH inhibitors, and BCL-2 antagonists.

This Research Topic aims to bring together cutting-edge research and expert reviews focusing on the identification, validation, and clinical implementation of biomarkers in myeloid neoplasms. We welcome contributions exploring:

• Novel biomarkers for diagnosis, prognosis, or therapeutic response

• The integration of multi-omics approaches in disease stratification

• Mechanisms of resistance to targeted therapies

• Real-world application of biomarker-guided treatment strategies

• Emerging technologies in biomarker discovery and validation

By highlighting recent advances in biomarker research and personalized approaches, this collection seeks to accelerate the translation of molecular insights into improved clinical outcomes for patients with myeloid neoplasms.

Keywords: Myeloid Neoplasm, Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) Myelodysplastic Syndromes (MDS) Myeloproliferative Neoplasms (MPN)

Important note: All contributions to this Research Topic must be within the scope of the section and journal to which they are submitted, as defined in their mission statements. Frontiers reserves the right to guide an out-of-scope manuscript to a more suitable section or journal at any stage of peer review.