Biomaterials for Neural Repair in Neurodegenerative Diseases: Mechanisms, Interfaces, and Translational Advances

The progressive loss of neuronal structure and function in disorders such as Parkinson’s disease, Alzheimer’s disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), and spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) remains one of the greatest challenges in modern neuroscience. The emergence of biocompatible and bioactive materials - including hydrogels, nanocomposites, and carbon-based scaffolds - now offers powerful tools to support neural regeneration and neuroprotection in these conditions.

By mimicking the extracellular matrix and modulating cell-material interactions, engineered biomaterials can promote axonal growth, guide synaptic reconnection, and shape neuroinflammatory responses. When combined with neurotrophic factors, peptides, or extracellular vesicles, these systems hold promise for restoring lost neural connectivity and function in degenerative diseases.

This Research Topic aims to highlight recent advances at the interface of neurobiology, materials science, and regenerative medicine that contribute to repairing neurodegenerative damage. We particularly welcome contributions that elucidate cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying neuron-material interactions and their relevance to disease models.

We encourage Original Research, Reviews, and Perspectives covering (but not limited to):

• Mechanistic studies on neuron–biomaterial interactions in models of neurodegeneration

• Biomimetic scaffolds and 3D matrices that promote axonal guidance and synaptic repair

• Material functionalization with neurotrophic, anti-inflammatory, or antioxidant factors

• Conductive or optoelectronic materials supporting neuronal signaling and regeneration

• Translational preclinical studies assessing safety, biodegradability, and efficacy in neurodegenerative disease models

• Biomaterial-based delivery of therapeutic molecules targeting neurodegenerative pathways

This Topic will serve as a focused collection showcasing biomaterial-driven strategies that advance our understanding and treatment of neurodegenerative disease mechanisms.