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REVIEW article

Front. Immunol.
Sec. Nutritional Immunology
Volume 15 - 2024 | doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1277074
This article is part of the Research Topic Dietary bioactive compounds on chronic diseases chemoprevention: from molecular mechanism to clinical application and beyond View all 4 articles

Garlic Bioactive Substances and Their Therapeutic Applications for Improving Human Health: A Comprehensive Review

Provisionally accepted
Mohamed T. El-Saadony Mohamed T. El-Saadony 1*Ahmed M. Saad Ahmed M. Saad 2Sameh A. Korma Sameh A. Korma 3Heba M. Salem Heba M. Salem 4Taia A. Abd El Mageed Taia A. Abd El Mageed 5Samar S. Alkafaas Samar S. Alkafaas 6Mohamed I. Elsalahaty Mohamed I. Elsalahaty 7Sara Samy Elkafas Sara Samy Elkafas 8Walid Mosa Walid Mosa 9Ahmed Ahmed Ahmed Ahmed 10Betty T. Mathew Betty T. Mathew 11Noor A. Albastaki Noor A. Albastaki 11Aysha A. Alkuwaiti Aysha A. Alkuwaiti 11Marawan K. El- Tarabily Marawan K. El- Tarabily 12Synan F. AbuQamar Synan F. AbuQamar 11*Khaled A. El-Tarabily Khaled A. El-Tarabily 11*Salam A. Ibrahim Salam A. Ibrahim 13*
  • 1 Department of Agricultural Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
  • 2 Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt, Zagazig, Al Sharqia, Egypt
  • 3 Poultry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519, Egypt, Zagazig, Al Sharqia, Egypt
  • 4 Department of Poultry Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Giza, Egypt
  • 5 Faculty of Agriculture, Fayoum University, Fayoum, Faiyum, Egypt
  • 6 Division of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, Gharbia, Egypt
  • 7 Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, Gharbia, Egypt
  • 8 Faculty of Engineering, Menofia University, Menofia, Egypt
  • 9 Faculty of Agriculture, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt
  • 10 Departement of Civil Engineering, College of Engineering, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
  • 11 United Arab Emirates University, Al-Ain, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
  • 12 Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
  • 13 United States Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland, United States

The final, formatted version of the article will be published soon.

    Garlic (Allium sativum L.) is a widely abundant spice, known for its aroma and pungent flavor. It contains several bioactive compounds and offers a wide range of health benefits to humans, including those pertaining to nutrition, physiology, and medicine. Therefore, garlic is considered as one of the most effective disease-preventive diets. Many in vitro and in vivo studies have reported the sulfur-containing compounds, allicin and ajoene, for their effective anticancer, anti-diabetic, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antimicrobial, immune-boosting, and cardioprotective properties. As a rich natural source of bioactive compounds, including polysaccharides, saponins, tannins, linalool, geraniol, phellandrene, β-phellandrene, ajoene, alliin, S-allyl-mercapto cysteine, and β-phellandrene, garlic has many therapeutic applications and may play a role in drug development against various human diseases. In this review, garlic and its major bioactive components along with their biological function and mechanisms of action for their role in disease prevention and therapy are discussed.

    Keywords: Allium sativum, bioactive compounds, Functional Foods, human diseases, Human health, mechanisms of action, Toxicity

    Received: 13 Aug 2023; Accepted: 06 May 2024.

    Copyright: © 2024 El-Saadony, Saad, Korma, Salem, Abd El Mageed, Alkafaas, Elsalahaty, Samy Elkafas, Mosa, Ahmed, Mathew, Albastaki, Alkuwaiti, El- Tarabily, AbuQamar, El-Tarabily and Ibrahim. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

    * Correspondence:
    Mohamed T. El-Saadony, Department of Agricultural Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
    Synan F. AbuQamar, United Arab Emirates University, Al-Ain, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
    Khaled A. El-Tarabily, United Arab Emirates University, Al-Ain, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
    Salam A. Ibrahim, United States Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, 20993, Maryland, United States

    Disclaimer: All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.