%A Suárez,Gisela María %A Catalá,Mauricio %A Peña,Yadira %A Portela,Susana %A Añé-Kourí,Ana Laura %A González,Amnely %A Lorenzo-Luaces,Patricia %A Díaz,Manuel %A Molina,María de los A. %A Pereira,Karla %A Hernández,Jenysbel de la C. %A Ramos,Raúl %A Reyes,Mary Carmen %A Ledón,Nuris %A Mazorra,Zaima %A Crombet,Tania %A Lage,Agustin %A Saavedra,Danay %D 2022 %J Frontiers in Oncology %C %F %G English %K Terminally differentiated T cells,naive T cells,PD-1,non-small-cell lung cancer,biomodulina T,CIMAvax-EGF %Q %R 10.3389/fonc.2022.823287 %W %L %M %P %7 %8 2022-January-27 %9 Original Research %+ Danay Saavedra,Clinical Immunology Department, Center of Molecular Immunology,Cuba,danay.saavedra@gmail.com %# %! Biomodulina T decreases exhausted T cells in NSCLC patints %* %< %T Thymic Polypeptide Fraction Biomodulina T Decreases Exhausted and Terminally Differentiated EMRA T Cells in Advanced Lung Cancer Patients Treated With Platinum-Based Chemotherapy %U https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fonc.2022.823287 %V 12 %0 JOURNAL ARTICLE %@ 2234-943X %X Lung cancer is the second cause of cancer related deaths worldwide. Chemotherapy and immunotherapy represent the current standard of care for advanced NSCLC. Platinum-based chemotherapy expands late-differentiated T cell populations. Therefore, immune restoration after chemotherapy to adjuvate the immunotherapeutic potential could be crucial. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of Biomodulina T (BT), a thymic polypeptide fraction, on peripheral lymphocytes subpopulations in the context of cancer disease. Additionally, whether these effects might induce a better response to CIMAvax-EGF, an epidermal growth factor (EGF) depleting immunotherapy. Eighteen advanced NSCLC patients were evaluated after being treated with platinum-based chemotherapy. We found that the frequency of terminally differentiated effector T cells re-expressing CD45RA (EMRA) CD4+ (p=0.0031) and CD8+ (p=0.0372) T cells decreased with the administration of BT, whereas CD4+ naive T cells increase in more than 70% of the patients. Remarkably, CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes expressing programmed cell death receptor-1 (PD1) significantly decreased after BT administration (p=0.0005 and p<0.0001, respectively). We also found an enhancement of the anti-EGF antibody response with a large percentage of patients treated with CIMAvax-EGF reaching the good antibody response condition after four vaccine doses. Moreover, the median overall survival of patients treated with CIMAvax-EGF was 16.09 months. In conclusion, our results suggest that the immunorestoration generated by the administration of BT after first-line chemotherapy may induce a better immune response to CIMAvax-EGF that could translate into the clinical benefit of patients diagnosed with advanced NSCLC.