REVIEW article
Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.
Sec. Bacteria and Host
Volume 15 - 2025 | doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2025.1715193
This article is part of the Research TopicReviews in Bacteria and HostView all 7 articles
Recent advances in Host Models in Studying Virulence Factors and Pathogenesis of Acinetobacter baumannii
Provisionally accepted
- 1Department of Health Technology and Informatics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR China
- 2Infectious Diseases Research Directorate, Ethiopian Public Health Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
- 3Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Parasitology, St. Paul’s Hospital Millennium Medical College, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
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Acinetobacter baumannii is a major global healthcare-associated pathogen with increased antibiotic resistance, underscoring the urgent need to develop novel antibiotics, immunotherapies, and vaccines. However, a critical gap in combating A. baumannii infections is the lack of a systematic approach to selecting appropriate host models for studying host-pathogen interactions. This review analyses previously published research articles on host interactions with A. baumannii. The articles were searched from electronic databases, including PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar, covering publications from 2015 to 2024. These studies, encompassing both in vitro and in vivo research, aim to elucidate the virulence factors and host responses during host-pathogen interactions. The review analysis shows that mouse and Galleria mellonella are well-established animal models. Meanwhile, A549, HEK-293, HeLa, and Hep-G2 cell lines are the main in vitro models for studying A. baumannii pathogenesis. Key considerations for in vitro host model selection include necessitating a minimum of biosafety level 2 (BSL-2) laboratory conditions, the specific pathogens involved, relevance of the cell lines, immune responsiveness, and ease of manipulation. Challenges such as the heterogeneity of bacterial strains, initial bacterial dose, incubation duration, and infection multiplicity should be considered in host-pathogen studies. This review could serve as a roadmap for optimizing experimental models to accelerate the development of targeted strategies against A. baumannii.
Keywords: Acinetobacter baumannii, Virulence Factors, Animal Models, cell culture, Pathogenesis
Received: 29 Sep 2025; Accepted: 20 Oct 2025.
Copyright: © 2025 Garomsa, Shenkutie and Leung. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
* Correspondence: Polly HM Leung, polly.hm.leung@polyu.edu.hk
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