SYSTEMATIC REVIEW article
Front. Endocrinol.
Sec. Reproduction
Volume 16 - 2025 | doi: 10.3389/fendo.2025.1641563
This article is part of the Research TopicBeyond Childbirth: Cardiovascular Consequences of Hypertensive Disorders in PregnancyView all articles
Association of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy with offspring cardiometabolic indicators: A systematic review and meta - analysis
Provisionally accepted
- Chengdu Shuangliu District Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Chengdu, China
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Background: Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) are a major public health problem affecting a large number of pregnancies worldwide. Despite extensive research, little is known about the long-term cardiometabolic consequences of HDP exposure in offspring.Objective: To investigate the long-term cardiometabolic risks in offspring exposed to HDP.Search Strategy: A comprehensive search of relevant studies published in PubMed, EMBASE, the Cochrane Central Register, and Web of Science databases was conducted.Selection Criteria: Inclusion criteria comprised case-control and cohort studies, with outcome measures encompassing blood pressure, body mass index, lipid levels, and glucose metabolism. Data Collection and Analysis: Meta-analysis was performed using Review Manager 5.4, and fixed/random effects models were selected as appropriate.Main Results: A total of 23 observational studies with 89,982 participants from 10 countries were included. Meta-analysis indicated that offspring experiencing HDP presented with significantly increased systolic blood pressure (MD: 2.44; 95% CI: 2.03-2.85, P < 0.00001), as well as elevated diastolic blood pressure (SMD: 0.19; 95% CI: 0.15-0.23, P < 0.00001) and body mass index (MD: 0.34; 95% CI: 0.05-0.64, P < 0.05). Additionally, these offspring demonstrated an decreased likelihood of presenting elevated Homeostasis Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance (OR: 0.58; 95% CI: 0.34-0.98, P < 0.05). No statistical differences were found in other indicators.Conclusions: The impact of HDP on offspring cardiometabolism is multifaceted. Elevated blood pressure and body mass index are more likely to be observed in offspring exposed to HDP, while the risk of insulin resistance is reduced.Systematic review registration: The registration date for the review protocol was January 17, 2025. It was formally registered with PROSPERO under the identifier CRD42025630378.Funding: None .
Keywords: Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, HDP, cardiometabolic, offspring, Meta-analysis
Received: 05 Jun 2025; Accepted: 09 Oct 2025.
Copyright: © 2025 Xu, Liang and Li. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
* Correspondence: Peishan Li, 53440515@qq.com
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