CASE REPORT article
Front. Endocrinol.
Sec. Clinical Diabetes
This article is part of the Research TopicCase Reports in Autoimmune and Autoinflammatory Disorders: Volume IIView all 43 articles
Exogenous Insulin Autoimmune Syndrome: A Case Report and Literature Review
Provisionally accepted
- 1Jiangnan University Wuxi School of Medicine, Wuxi, China
- 2Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
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Exogenous Insulin Autoimmune Syndrome (EIAS) is a rare hypersensitivity reaction triggered by the administration of exogenous insulin. This reaction induces the production of insulin autoantibodies, leading to various clinical manifestations such as insulin resistance, hyperglycemia, recurrent hypoglycemic episodes, and allergic reactions. Due to limited clinical awareness, EIAS is often misdiagnosed or overlooked. Herein, we present a case of EIAS in a patient with type 2 diabetes mellitus, providing a detailed analysis of its clinical features, laboratory findings, differential diagnoses, therapeutic approaches, and clinical outcomes, supplemented by a literature review. This report aims to enhance clinicians' diagnostic and therapeutic proficiency in managing this condition.
Keywords: Exogenous insulin, HLA-DR4, hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia, Insulin autoantibody, Insulin autoimmune syndrome
Received: 07 Sep 2025; Accepted: 08 Dec 2025.
Copyright: © 2025 Gao, Bai, Wang and Huang. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
* Correspondence: Ning Bai
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