ORIGINAL RESEARCH article
Front. Endocrinol.
Sec. Clinical Diabetes
Phase angle as an early-warning indicator of glycaemic control in adults with type 1 diabetes mellitus: a cross-sectional study
Provisionally accepted
- 1The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, China
- 2Buga Town Health Center, zhaotong, China
- 3Changning County People's Hospital, Baoshan, China
- 4Baoshan Second People's Hospital, Baoshan, China
- 5Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, China
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Background: For patients with poor glycemic control of adult type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), in addition to managing blood glucose levels, it is worth exploring further as an early warning indicator of blood glucose control. Methods:56 adults with T1DM, aged between 18 and 70 years, were included in the study. Data on body composition and laboratory indicators, including phase angle values and HbA1c levels, were collected. Statistical analysis was conducted to determine the correlation and the strength of association between the phase angle, and HbA1c levels. Results: Pearson's correlation and linear regression models indicated a negative correlation between phase angle and HbA1c levels, even after controlling for age and weight in both males and females. Conclusion: The results indicate a significant negative relationship between Phase angle and HbA1c levels. Beyond being a simple body composition parameter, Phase angle can be used as a clinical indicator of improved blood glucose control.
Keywords: Adult, Correlation, Glycated hemoglobin, phase angle, type 1 diabetes
Received: 23 Jan 2026; Accepted: 11 Feb 2026.
Copyright: © 2026 Zhang, Zhu, Fan, Cui, Xi, Yang, Wang and Cai. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
* Correspondence: Ji-Gan Wang
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