Multiomics analysis unveils key biomarkers during dynamic progress of IAV infection in mice

Huan Lei¹Yixi Xu¹Hao Zhang¹Bin Zhang²Wenjun Luo¹Xiao Liu¹Haijun Zhang¹Jinming Yang¹Wen Wen¹Ping Wang^1*Shijun Xu^1*

• ¹School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
• ²School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China

Influenza infection poses a significant threat to public health, and understanding the dynamic biomarkers that influence disease progression is crucial for effective intervention. We conducted a comprehensive evaluation of the physiological and pathological parameters in Balb/c mice infected with H1N1 influenza over a 14-day period, highlighting the critical importance of intervention within the first 6 days post-infection to prevent severe disease. We first employed the DIABLO multi-omics integration method to analyze the dynamic changes in the lung transcriptome, metabolome, and serum metabolome of influenza-infected mice from the mild to severe stages, identifying several novel biomarkers associated with disease progression, including Ccl8, Pdcd1, Gzmk, kynurenine, L-glutamine, and adipoyl-carnitine. Finally, we developed a serum-based influenza disease progression scoring system, which serves as a valuable tool for the early diagnosis and prognosis of severe influenza. This study provides new insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying influenza progression and identifies potential targets for therapeutic intervention.