ORIGINAL RESEARCH article
Front. Immunol.
Sec. Cancer Immunity and Immunotherapy
Volume 16 - 2025 | doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2025.1580597
This article is part of the Research TopicMitochondrial Dysregulation in Blood Cancers: Implications for Personalized Therapeutic StrategiesView all articles
Identification of the Prognostic Effect of Mitophagy-Related Genes in Acute Myeloid Leukemia
Provisionally accepted
- 1Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
- 2Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, China
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Mitophagy is implicated in the pathogenesis of acute myeloid leukemia (AML), although its precise mechanisms remain unclear. This study analyzed AML datasets (TCGA-LAML, GSE24395, GSE146173) alongside 72 mitophagy-related genes (MRGs) to evaluate their influence on AML progression and therapeutic strategies. Patients with AML were initially stratified into molecular subtypes through consensus clustering. From a pool of 294 DEGs1 and 819 DEGs2, 26 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) common to GSE24395 and the identified subtypes were selected. Univariate Cox and Lasso regression analyses identified five key genes (ITGB2, VIP, PTK2, FHL2, BAG3) as biomarkers for constructing a prognostic risk model, which stratified patients into high- and low-risk groups. Multivariate Cox regression further confirmed risk score, age, and treatment status as independent prognostic indicators. Subsequent analyses included Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA), immune cell infiltration profiling, and drug sensitivity assessment across risk groups. GSEA identified 731 functional pathways, such as mononuclear cell migration, that varied significantly by risk level. Risk score positively correlated with monocyte abundance, and negatively with plasma B cells and activated mast cells. Moreover, 84 therapeutic compounds exhibited differential sensitivity between risk groups. Five genes related to MRGs were considered as biomarkers of AML for constructing risk models, which provided a basis for understanding AML pathogenesis and highlighted potential therapy avenues with distinct immune and drug responses. What's more, the prediction of regulatory elements such as hsa-miR-135b-5p, FTX, and SOX11, which targeted biomarkers, also provided insights into mitophagy-related mechanisms in AML.
Keywords: Acute Myeloid Leukemia, mitophagy-related genes, biomarkers, prognostic, Immune infiltration
Received: 20 Feb 2025; Accepted: 24 Jul 2025.
Copyright: © 2025 Xuan, Zhu, Zhang, Zhao, Li and WU. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
* Correspondence: Li Xiao WU, Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
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