ORIGINAL RESEARCH article

Front. Immunol.

Sec. Mucosal Immunity

Volume 16 - 2025 | doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2025.1595659

Intranasal Monoclonal Antibodies to Mugwort Pollen Reduce Allergic Inflammation in a Mouse Model of Allergic Rhinitis and Asthma

Provisionally accepted
Kairat  TabynovKairat Tabynov1,2,3Igor  NedushenkoIgor Nedushenko1Elmira  TailakovaElmira Tailakova1Akbota  SergazinaAkbota Sergazina1Turlan  BolatbekovTurlan Bolatbekov1Gleb  FominGleb Fomin2Tair  NurpeissovTair Nurpeissov4Anton  DemyanovAnton Demyanov5Yuri  LebedinYuri Lebedin5Kaissar  TabynovKaissar Tabynov1,2,3,6*
  • 1International Center for Vaccinology, Kazakh National Agrarian Research University, Almaty, Kazakhstan
  • 2Preclinical Research Laboratory with Vivarium, M. Aikimbaev National Research Center for Especially Dangerous Infections, Almaty, Kazakhstan
  • 3T&TvaX, Almaty, Kazakhstan
  • 4Department of General Immunology, Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical University, Almaty, Kazakhstan
  • 5Xema Oy, Lappeenranta, Finland
  • 6Republican Allergy Center, Research Institute of Cardiology and Internal Medicine, Almaty, Kazakhstan

The final, formatted version of the article will be published soon.

Introduction. Allergen-specific monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) have recently emerged as promising tools in allergy therapy, particularly for patients who do not respond adequately to allergen-specific immunotherapy (AIT). While previous studies have explored systemic delivery routes, the efficacy of local intranasal administration of allergen-specific mAb remains largely unexplored. Artemisia vulgaris pollen is among the top global aeroallergens, strongly associated with seasonal allergic rhinitis and asthma.Methods. Hybridoma-derived murine IgG1 mAb specific to A. vulgaris pollen extract were generated and screened in vitro for their ability to block both mouse and human IgE binding to crude pollen extract and its major allergen, Art v 1. A lead mAb candidate was selected for in vivo evaluation using a BALB/c mouse model of allergic airway inflammation. The mAb was administered intranasally one hour prior to each of three consecutive allergen challenges. Clinical symptoms, airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR), lung cytokine profiles, and histopathological changes in nasal and lung tissues were assessed.Results. Five IgG1 mAb recognising A. vulgaris extract were generated, with clone XA19 being the most potent, with high-affinity binding and IgE-blocking activity for both pollen extract (18-22% inhibition) and recombinant Art v 1 protein (52% inhibition). Intranasal pretreatment with XA19 prior to allergen challenge in pre-sensitised mice resulted in significant suppression of the ear swelling response, rhinitis symptoms, AHR, and lung and nasal turbinate inflammation. Pulmonary levels of Th2 cytokines (IL-4 and IL-5) were markedly reduced in mAb-pretreated mice, while total serum IgE levels remained largely unaffected.Conclusion. Intranasal delivery of allergen-specific mAbs represents a novel, non-invasive strategy to prevent both upper and lower airway allergic inflammation. Our findings establish proof-of-concept for this approach and warrant further development.

Keywords: Allergen-specific monoclonal antibody, Artemisia vulgaris, Intranasal immunotherapy, airway inflammation, allergic rhinitis, Asthma, Th2 cytokines, IgE-blocking antibody

Received: 18 Mar 2025; Accepted: 02 Jun 2025.

Copyright: © 2025 Tabynov, Nedushenko, Tailakova, Sergazina, Bolatbekov, Fomin, Nurpeissov, Demyanov, Lebedin and Tabynov. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

* Correspondence: Kaissar Tabynov, International Center for Vaccinology, Kazakh National Agrarian Research University, Almaty, Kazakhstan

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