REVIEW article
Front. Immunol.
Sec. Cancer Immunity and Immunotherapy
Volume 16 - 2025 | doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2025.1599181
This article is part of the Research TopicUnveiling the Next Generation of Cancer Immunity & ImmunotherapyView all 15 articles
Unlocking New Horizons in Oncology: Ivonescimab's Dual-Target Approach to Anti-VEGF/PD-1(L1) Therapy
Provisionally accepted
- 1Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
- 2Affiliated Hospital of Shaanxi Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xi'an, China
- 3Xi'an Institute of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, xian, China
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Dual blockade of the PD-1/PD-L1 axis, enabling tumor immune evasion, and the VEGF pathway, driving immunosuppression, represents a promising cancer immunotherapy strategy. Combining immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) with antiangiogenics faces toxicity and cost limitations. Bispecific antibodies (BsAbs) targeting both pathways offer a solution. Preclinical and clinical studies demonstrate that simultaneous inhibition enhances antitumor immunity by reversing T-cell exhaustion, normalizing vasculature, and countering immunosuppression. Ivonescimab, a first-in-class PD-1/VEGF BsAb, exemplifies this approach. Approved in China (NMPA, May 2024) for EGFR-mutant non-squamous NSCLC post-TKI failure and included in national insurance (November 2024), it is under global evaluation in solid tumors. PD-1(L1)/VEGF BsAbs like ivonescimab represent a novel therapeutic strategy with potential for improved efficacy and mitigated toxicity compared to combination therapies. Ongoing trials will define broader applications.
Keywords: bispecific antibodies, Ivonescimab, immune checkpoint inhibitors, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor, Dual-target
Received: 24 Mar 2025; Accepted: 13 Oct 2025.
Copyright: © 2025 Shi, Yang, Gao, Hou, Lv, Cao, Chen, Zhang and Wang. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
* Correspondence: Fan Shi, yifan610528@163.com
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