ORIGINAL RESEARCH article
Front. Immunol.
Sec. Cancer Immunity and Immunotherapy
Volume 16 - 2025 | doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2025.1611956
Development and Validation of a Nomogram for Predicting Immune-Related Thyroid Dysfunction During Immunotherapy in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer：A Prospective Cohort Study in China
Provisionally accepted
Qianjie Xu1*
Yuliang Yuan1
Xiaosheng Li1
Lulu Wang1
WEI Zhouwei978978@163.com1
Zuhai Hu2
Haike Lei1*Yongzhong Wu1- 1Cancer Hospital, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
- 2Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Background: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have improved survival for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients, but immune-related adverse events (irAEs), like immune-mediated thyroid dysfunction (IMTD), have been reported. IMTD causes irreversible thyroid damage, affecting NSCLC patients' quality of life. This study aims to explore IMTD risk factors and develop a Nomogram to predict IMTD risk at 6, 12, and 24 months.: Data from 1,917 NSCLC patients from Chongqing University Cancer Hospital treated with ICIs were randomly split into training (70%) and validation (30%) cohorts. After variable selection, a Nomogram with 11 common clinical variables was built from the training cohort. The validation cohort was used to assess the model comprehensively using the Time C-index, Time AUC, Delong test, calibration curves, and decision curve analysis (DCA) to ensure its clinical effectiveness.Results: IMTD occurred in 343 (17.89%) patients. Among the 11 model factors, Age (OR = 1.02,
Keywords: ICIS, Immune-mediated thyroid dysfunction, nomogram, Risk model, NSCLC
Received: 15 Apr 2025; Accepted: 11 Jul 2025.
Copyright: © 2025 Xu, Yuan, Li, Wang, Zhouwei978978@163.com, Hu, Lei and Wu. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
* Correspondence:
Qianjie Xu, Cancer Hospital, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
Haike Lei, Cancer Hospital, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
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