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REVIEW article

Front. Immunol.

Sec. Cancer Immunity and Immunotherapy

Volume 16 - 2025 | doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2025.1646669

This article is part of the Research TopicCytokines and Chemokines in LymphomaView all articles

Unraveling the Role of Chemokines in Cutaneous T-Cell Lymphoma: Expression Levels at Different Stages

Provisionally accepted
Alba GuglielmoAlba Guglielmo1Corrado ZengariniCorrado Zengarini2,3*Federica TugnoliFederica Tugnoli1Pier Luigi ZinzaniPier Luigi Zinzani4Alessandro BorghiAlessandro Borghi1Monica CorazzaMonica Corazza1Michelangelo La PlacaMichelangelo La Placa2,3Bianca Maria PiracciniBianca Maria Piraccini2,3Alessandro PileriAlessandro Pileri3,4
  • 1Universita degli Studi di Ferrara Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche, Ferrara, Italy
  • 2IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna Policlinico di Sant'Orsola Dermatologia, Bologna, Italy
  • 3Universita degli Studi di Bologna Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche, Bologna, Italy
  • 4IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna Policlinico di Sant'Orsola, Bologna, Italy

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Mycosis fungoides (MF) and Sezary syndrome (SS) are the most prevalent cutaneous T-cell lymphomas, classified separately in the 2022 WHO Classification due to their distinct features. Despite advances, the mechanisms underlying disease progression-from early patch and plaque lesions to advanced tumor stages-remain incompletely understood.Chemokines and their receptors play crucial roles in the migration and survival of malignant T cells, influencing tissue invasion, immune evasion, and dissemination. This review highlights the altered expression of chemokine receptors like CCR4, CCR7, CCR8, CCR10, CXCR3, and CXCR4 in MF/SS and their contribution to disease evolution. It also explores the transition from a Th1 to a Th2 immune profile, linked to tumor progression. The dual role of chemokines in physiology and pathology is examined, with emphasis on their therapeutic potential in CTCL.

Keywords: Chemokines, receptors, Mycosis Fungoides, Sézary syndrome, Cutaneous Lymphoma

Received: 13 Jun 2025; Accepted: 23 Jul 2025.

Copyright: © 2025 Guglielmo, Zengarini, Tugnoli, Zinzani, Borghi, Corazza, La Placa, Piraccini and Pileri. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

* Correspondence: Corrado Zengarini, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna Policlinico di Sant'Orsola Dermatologia, Bologna, Italy

Disclaimer: All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.

Supplementary Material