MINI REVIEW article
Front. Immunol.
Sec. Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology
This article is part of the Research TopicThe Gut-Brain Axis: Microbiota-Driven Immune Modulation and its Impact on Neurological HealthView all 15 articles
The Gut Microbiota Influences Neurodegenerative Diseases Through the Gut-Brain Axis: Molecular Mechanisms and Effects on Immune Function
Provisionally accepted
- 1Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
- 2Jilin Province People's Hospital, Changchun, China
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The pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs), including Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), is complex and multifactorial. Recent studies indicate that the microbiota-gut-brain axis (MGBA) plays a crucial role in the development and progression of NDDs. The MGBA concept reveals a complex bidirectional regulatory network between the gut microbiota and the central nervous system (CNS), linking them through immune, neural, endocrine, and metabolic pathways. This review summarizes the components of the MGBA, communication pathways between gut microbiota and the brain, and mechanisms by which gut microbiota influence the onset and progression of NDDs. Finally, preclinical therapeutic approaches for NDDs are discussed, evaluating preclinical trial data for probiotics, prebiotics, and fecal microbiota transplantation.
Keywords: AD, fecal microbiota transplantation, Gut-microbiota-brain axis, NDDS, PD
Received: 04 Nov 2025; Accepted: 15 Dec 2025.
Copyright: © 2025 Yang, Song, Yan, Li and Yang. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
* Correspondence: Wen ying Yang
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