ORIGINAL RESEARCH article
Front. Immunol.
Sec. Cancer Immunity and Immunotherapy
This article is part of the Research TopicMitochondrial Targeting: A New Frontier in Cancer TherapyView all articles
MRPS28 serves as a biomarker of diagnostic, prognostic, and immune modulation in pan-cancer and promotes breast cancer malignant phenotypes
Provisionally accepted
- 1First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
- 2Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
- 3Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
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Abstract Background MRPS28 (Mitochondrial Ribosomal Protein S28) belongs to the MRP family and plays a critical role in mitochondrial translation and cellular energy metabolism. However, the effect of MRPS28 in pan-cancer remains unknown. This study aimed to perform a comprehensive assessment of the oncogenic potential of MRPS28 in pan-cancer using several databases, with a particular focus on breast cancer. Methods The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx) databases were employed to evaluate MRPS28 expression across pan-cancer. Furthermore, we analyzed the association between the expression of MRPS28 and diagnosis, prognosis, genetic alterations, genomic heterogeneity, DNA methylation, and immunity. In addition, the biological function of MRPS28 in breast cancer was investigated. The role of MRPS28 in the malignant biological behavior of breast cancer cells was studied through in vitro experiments, including cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. Results Our analyses indicated that MRPS28 expression dysregulation was noted in various cancer types, and MRPS28 had remarkable diagnostic and prognostic predictive values. MRPS28 expression was substantially related to genetic alterations, genomic heterogeneity, and DNA methylation levels. In addition, MRPS28 was associated with immune infiltration and immune-related gene expression in multiple cancer types.
Keywords: breast cancer, diagnostic, Immune infiltration, Mrps28, Pan-cancer, prognostic
Received: 06 Aug 2025; Accepted: 11 Feb 2026.
Copyright: © 2026 Guo, Wang, Lu, Cai, Luo, Hu, Xue and Niu. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
* Correspondence:
Fenggui Xue
Haiyan Niu
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