HYPOTHESIS AND THEORY article
Front. Immunol.
Sec. Inflammation
The Bio-Intelligence Circuit: A Hypothesis-Generating Systems Framework Linking Mitochondrial Stress, Innate immune Signaling, and Autonomic Regulation in Chronic Inflammation
Parthiban Subramanian
Vinodhini Parthiban
NVP Center for Inflammation and Autoimmune Research (CIAR) pre -registration phase, Thanjavur 613102, India
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Abstract
Chronic inflammatory and autoimmune conditions frequently manifest as multi-organ dysfunction without a single explanatory lens that integrates metabolic stress, innate immune activation, transcriptional control, and autonomic regulation. Here, we propose the Bio-Intelligence Circuit (BIC) as a hypothesis-generating systems framework connecting mitochondrial dysfunction, LPS–TLR4–NF-κB innate immune signaling, nuclear receptor dysregulation, and vagal reflex imbalance as interacting regulatory failure patterns that may sustain chronic inflammatory states. The central hypothesis is that loss of coordinated energetic, immune-sensing, and neuro-autonomic regulation sustains a self-reinforcing dysregulation loop that amplifies inflammatory signaling, impairs regulatory restraint, and limits recovery potential. Within this framework, we introduce Informational Bio-Recalibration (IBR) as a hypothesis-generating transition sequence in which improvement of mitochondrial bioenergetics and redox buffering, attenuation of excessive TLR4 signaling, restoration of nuclear receptor transcriptional coordination, and rebalancing of autonomic tone may together shift the system toward resolution-permissive physiology. This article does not report interventional outcomes; rather, it provides a structured conceptual model and testable predictions to guide future experimental validation across inflammatory and immune-mediated phenotypes.
Summary
Keywords
Bio-Intelligence Circuit, chronic inflammation, hypothesis-generating framework, Immune dysregulation, Informational Bio-Recalibration, Mitochondrial Bioenergetics, nuclear receptor coordination, Systems Biology
Received
20 November 2025
Accepted
18 February 2026
Copyright
© 2026 Subramanian and Parthiban. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
*Correspondence: Parthiban Subramanian
Disclaimer
All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.