ORIGINAL RESEARCH article
Front. Immunol.
Sec. Autoimmune and Autoinflammatory Disorders : Autoimmune Disorders
A Prospective Real-World Study of Efgartigimod in the Treatment of Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyradiculoneuropathy
Xiangtao Nie 1
Gen Huang 2
Yongbo Ma 3
Geke Zhu 1
Wenjing Qi 1
Han Zhou 1
Wanying Wang 1
Lei Hao 1
Xiuming Guo 1
1. The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
2. People's Hospital of Chongqing Hechuan, Chongqing, China
3. Bazhong Central Hospital, Bazhong, Sichuan, China
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Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the short-term clinical efficacy and safety of efgartigimod in the treatment of Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyradiculoneuropathy (CIDP) in a real-world setting. Methods: This prospective real-world study enrolled 12 CIDP patients receiving efgartigimod treatment at the Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University. Efficacy was comprehensively assessed using the Medical Research Council (MRC) scale for muscle strength, the inflammatory Rasch-built Overall Disability Scale (I-RODS) for disability, and the Inflammatory Neuropathy Cause and Treatment (INCAT) scale. Assessments were performed before the first dose and one week after each subsequent dose. Adverse events during treatment, concomitant use of other immunosuppressants, routine laboratory tests, electrocardiograms, and immunoglobulin levels before and after treatment were recorded. Results: Among the 12 patients, 50% received subcutaneous injection and 50% received intravenous infusion of efgartigimod. During the follow-up period, significant efficacy was observed overall, MRC scores increased from 45.92 ± 15.69 to 55.00 ± 10.14, I-RODS scores increased from 49.25 ± 24.21 to 75.42 ± 28.46, and INCAT scores decreased from 4.42 ± 3.20 to 1.42 ± 2.61. By the end of the follow-up at the fifth week after the first dose, 11 patients (91.7%) achieved clinical improvement. No significant difference in efficacy was found between the subcutaneous and intravenous administration routes. Laboratory tests showed a downward trend in IgG levels after treatment, with no significant decrease in albumin. The incidence of adverse events during treatment was low, with only one patient experiencing a localized rash. Conclusion: This study demonstrates the short-term efficacy and safety of efgartigimod in treating CIDP, suggesting its potential as a safe and effective alternative therapy. Further exploration is needed to determine its suitability for long-term maintenance treatment of CIDP.
Summary
Keywords
adverse events, Chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy, efgartigimod, Real-world study, Treatment
Received
02 January 2026
Accepted
17 February 2026
Copyright
© 2026 Nie, Huang, Ma, Zhu, Qi, Zhou, Wang, Hao and Guo. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
*Correspondence: Lei Hao; Xiuming Guo
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