ORIGINAL RESEARCH article
Front. Microbiol.
Sec. Microbe and Virus Interactions with Plants
This article is part of the Research TopicEndophytes as Biocontrol AgentsView all 8 articles
Isolation, Screening and Optimization of the Fermentation Conditions for Endophytic Bacteria CHR2-1 of Capparis Hainanensis
Provisionally accepted
- Hainan University, Hainan, China
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Background: Banana wilt disease, caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp.cubense(Foc), poses a severe threat to global banana production. Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) offer eco-friendly alternatives to chemical fungicides for disease management.Methods: Surface-disinfected root, stem, and leaf tissues of Capparis Hainanensis used to isolate endophytic bacteria. Strain CHR2-1, exhibiting the strongest in vitro antagonistic activity against Foc, was selected. Antifungal mechanisms were evaluated via spore germination inhibition assays and mycelial growth suppression tests. Greenhouse trials assessed disease control efficacy and growth promotion in banana seedlings. Optimal fermentation conditions were determined using response surface methodology. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequencing identified the strain.Results: CHR2-1 suppressed 9/9 tested plant pathogens, with 88.4% inhibition against Foc. Spore germination inhibition exceeded 80%, while mycelial growth was reduced by 86.38%. In greenhouse trials, CHR2-1 reduced disease incidence by 65.62% (comparable to chemical fungicides) and enhanced banana seedling biomass (height +23.5%, root weight +31.2%). Optimal fermentation parameters were 10.42 g/L peptone, 1.04 g/L sucrose, pH 7.5, 33°C, and 180 rpm for 24 h. Phylogenetic analysis confirmed CHR2-1 as Bacillus subtilis.Conclusion: This study identifies B. subtilisCHR2-1 as a dual-function biocontrol agent with significant potential for sustainable banana wilt management.
Keywords: Endophytes1, antagonistic activity2, fermentation3, identification of strains4, CHR2-1
Received: 27 Aug 2025; Accepted: 10 Feb 2026.
Copyright: © 2026 何, 王, 赵, 杨, 肖 and 王. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
* Correspondence: 兰英 王
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