ORIGINAL RESEARCH article
Front. Oncol.
Sec. Breast Cancer
Volume 15 - 2025 | doi: 10.3389/fonc.2025.1538523
Clinicopathological features and risk factors for local recurrence of breast phyllodes tumors: a dual-center, 12-year, retrospective study
Provisionally accepted
Yiwen Li1
Heyan Chen2
Fengjiang Qu1Xiaoying Qu3Qihe Zhang3Kexuan Feng2Xiaoduo Li2
Huimin Zhang2*
zhimin Fan1*- 1First Affiliated Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
- 2The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
- 3Department of Clinical Medicine, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China
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Purpose: To clarify the risk factors of phyllodes tumor (PT) for local recurrence (LR).Methods: Data from 829 patients with pathologically confirmed benign, borderline and malignant PT of the breast, diagnosed from between 2011 to 2023, were retrieved from the electronic databases of the First Hospital of Jilin University and the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University. Kaplan-Meier curves and Cox proportionalhazards model were conducted to determine the independent risk factors for LR in each group.Results: Of 829 PT patients, 634 (76.5%), 142 (17.1%), and 53 (6.4%) were diagnosed with benign, borderline, and malignant PT, respectively. The LR rates were 5.4%, 9.9%, 13.2%, respectively. The median patient age was 38 years and the median follow-up time was 2.8 (range, 0.2-12.1 years). Of these patients, 13 (2.1%) were diagnosed with benign bilateral PT. Multivariate analysis identified bilateral involvement as a risk factor for LR of benign PT (p=0.010). Also, univariate analysis identified young age (≤ 35 years, p=0.046) as an independent risk factors for LR of borderline PT. Of the patients with malignant PT, univariate analysis found that breast-conserving surgery (BCS) (p=0.008) were associated with an increased risk for LR of malignant PT. Conclusions: Bilateral PT was a risk factor for LR of benign PT, young age (≤35 years) was associated with poor prognosis of borderline PT, BCS were high risk factors for LR of malignant PT. This study identifies LR risk factors based on tumor grading, which contributes to individualized clinical risk assessment. Future research could further explore how to incorporate these factors into clinical decision-making models for PT and other soft tissue tumors.
Keywords: Breast phyllodes tumor, Fibroepithelial tumor, Rare breast tumor, Breast surgery, Local recurrence (LR)
Received: 03 Dec 2024; Accepted: 28 Apr 2025.
Copyright: © 2025 Li, Chen, Qu, Qu, Zhang, Feng, Li, Zhang and Fan. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
* Correspondence:
Huimin Zhang, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China
zhimin Fan, First Affiliated Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, Jilin Province, China
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