ORIGINAL RESEARCH article
Front. Oncol.
Sec. Pharmacology of Anti-Cancer Drugs
Volume 15 - 2025 | doi: 10.3389/fonc.2025.1558410
This article is part of the Research TopicAI Research in Cancer PharmacologyView all 4 articles
A study on the effectiveness and safety of interventional embolization using drug-loaded microspheres in combination with sorafenib and envafolimab for intermediate and advanced renal cell carcinoma
Provisionally accepted
Cheng Chen1Yanfeng Shen1Yanhong Ma2Yingying Zhang1Shuyan Zhang1Na Su1Hefei Guo1Yapeng Guo1Xuehui Zhang1Xianming Liu1Suhua Zhang3Shuai Li1Xin You1
Zhiwei Zhang1
Xiaoting Duan4*
Guiying Li4*- 1Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei Engineering University, Handan, China
- 2Cath lab, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei Engineering University, Handan, Chile
- 3Department of Respiratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei Engineering University, Handan, China
- 4Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei Engineering University, Handan, China
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Objective To investigate the effectiveness and safety of drug-loaded microsphere interventional embolization (D-TAE) in conjunction with sorafenib and envafolimab in the management of intermediate and advanced renal carcinoma. Methods 120 cases of intermediate and advanced renal cell carcinoma cured in the Oncology Department of our hospital from January 2022 to December 2023 were selected. Individuals in the combination group received D-TAE paired with sorafenib and envafolimab. Individuals in the D-TAE group received only D-TAE. The clinical data, clinical efficacy, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), carbohydrate antigen 125 (CA125), mortality, progression-free survival time (PFS), objective tumor response rate (ORR) and tumor control rate (DCR) and adverse reactions were compared in both groups. Results The proportion of individuals with ORR and DCR in the combination group was greatly increased compared to that in the D-TAE group (P <0.05). After 1 week and 1 month of treatment, the serum VEGF levels in both groups showed a great decrease compared to pre-treatment levels (P<0.05), with the combination group demonstrating notably lower serum VEGF levels than the D-TAE group (P<0.05). Following treatment, serum CA125 and CEA levels in both groups experienced a great decrease compared to pre-treatment levels, with the combination group showing notably lower levels than the D-TAE group (P<0.05). Additionally, the mortality rate in the combination group was greatly lower than that in the D-TAE group, and the PFS was greatly increased in the combination group compared to the D-TAE group (P<0.05). In addition, the observed adverse reactions included gastrointestinal reactions, liver and kidney damage, myelosuppression and rash. Overall, the incidence of adverse reactions in the combination group was greatly decreased than that in the D-TAE group (P<0.05). Conclusion Drug-loaded microsphere interventional embolization combined with sorafenib and envafolimab has certain efficacy and acceptable safety in treating intermediate and late-stage renal tumor, providing a new treatment option for patients with renal cell carcinoma.
Keywords: drug-loaded microsphere interventional embolization, Sorafenib, Envafolimab, intermediate and advanced renal cell carcinoma, efficacy, Safety
Received: 10 Jan 2025; Accepted: 30 Apr 2025.
Copyright: © 2025 Chen, Shen, Ma, Zhang, Zhang, Su, Guo, Guo, Zhang, Liu, Zhang, Li, You, Zhang, Duan and Li. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
* Correspondence:
Xiaoting Duan, Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei Engineering University, Handan, China
Guiying Li, Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei Engineering University, Handan, China
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