CASE REPORT article
Front. Oncol.
Sec. Pediatric Oncology
Volume 15 - 2025 | doi: 10.3389/fonc.2025.1579981
This article is part of the Research TopicDiagnosis and Therapy Pediatric Hematological Malignancies - Recent Progress - Volume IIView all 5 articles
Rare Manifestations of Pediatric Chronic Myeloid Leukemia: A Case Report on Priapism and a Literature Review
Provisionally accepted
- King Hussein Cancer Center, Amman, Jordan
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Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a myeloproliferative neoplasm characterized by uncontrolled myeloid cell proliferation and is primarily caused by a reciprocal chromosomal translocation [t(9;22)(q34;q11.2)]. Typical manifestations of CML include nonspecific constitutional symptoms such as fatigue, weight loss, night sweats, and abdominal discomfort due to hepatosplenomegaly. Although priapism is a rare but recognized complication of CML, it more often occurs in adults than in children. This case report describes an 11-year-old patient who experienced persistent priapism and hyperleukocytosis and ultimately received a CML diagnosis. Priapism in pediatric CML is a serious medical emergency requiring prompt medical and surgical intervention to prevent long-term complications, including the loss of erectile function. A literature review identified 19 pediatric cases of priapism associated with leukemia, 15 of which were attributed to CML. The cases varied in clinical presentation, treatment approaches, and outcomes, with management often involving a combination of aspiration, irrigation, leukapheresis, and chemotherapy. In most cases, priapism was resolved with these interventions, but some required additional measures, including shunt surgery. This review emphasizes the importance of early recognition and intervention to prevent complications in children with CMLassociated priapism.
Keywords: ALL, Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia, B-ALL, B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia, CML, Chronic myeloid leukemia, T-ALL, T-Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia
Received: 19 Feb 2025; Accepted: 15 May 2025.
Copyright: © 2025 Budair, Baqain and Rihani. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
* Correspondence: Rawad Rihani, King Hussein Cancer Center, Amman, Jordan
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