REVIEW article
Front. Oncol.
Sec. Skin Cancer
Volume 15 - 2025 | doi: 10.3389/fonc.2025.1612579
The Role of Systemic Immune Inflammation Index (SII) in Predicting Melanoma
Provisionally accepted
- 1University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- 2Sichuan Cancer Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
- 3Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
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Many cancers are associated with infection, chronic stimulation, and inflammation, which contribute to cancer cell proliferation and metastasis.The systemic immune-inflammation index (SII), derived from peripheral lymphocyte, neutrophil, and platelet counts, has been investigated as a prognostic marker for various cancers. However,its role in melanoma remains unclear. To examine the relationship between SII and melanoma, we conducted multivariable logistic regression analysis using data from the 2003-2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) cycles. Subgroup analyses were performed based on gender, age, marital status, body mass index (BMI), cholesterol levels, and smoking status to further assess the association between SII and melanoma risk. The analysis included data from 39,200 participants across eight NHANES cycles (2003)(2004)(2005)(2006)(2007)(2008)(2009)(2010)(2011)(2012)(2013)(2014)(2015)(2016)(2017)(2018). SII values were categorized into three groups, and the results revealed that, in the unadjusted model, individuals in the highest SII group had a 57.44% increased risk of melanoma compared to those in the lowest tertile (OR 1.5744; p=0.0244). After adjustment, the risk in the highest SII group increased by 48.04% compared to the lowest group (OR 1.4804; 95% CI 1.005-2.0096; p=0.0469). Additionally, SII levels were linked to an increased risk of melanoma in the high cholesterol subgroup (OR 1.33; p=0.008). Research suggests that SII may be linked to a higher risk of melanoma. As a marker that's relatively easy to obtain, SII might aid in the early identification of melanoma. However, the current cross-sectional study design has limitations. Further in-depth research is required to better understand this relationship.
Keywords: Inflammation1, Systemic Immune Inflammation Index2, tumors3, metastasis and inhibition4, melanoma5, and early indicators are studied6
Received: 15 Apr 2025; Accepted: 24 Jul 2025.
Copyright: © 2025 Tao, Wang, Zeng, Mao, Lu, Wang and Liu. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
* Correspondence: Bin Liu, Sichuan Cancer Hospital, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan Province, China
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