REVIEW article
Front. Oncol.
Sec. Molecular and Cellular Oncology
Volume 15 - 2025 | doi: 10.3389/fonc.2025.1613332
Vaccine Therapies for Glioma: clinical frontiers and potential breakthrough
Provisionally accepted
- 1Baoding Hospital, Beijing Children’s Hospital, Capital Medical University, Baoding, China
- 2Celest Therapeutics (Shanghai) Co., Ltd., Shanghai city, China
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Abstract: Glioma, the most common primary malignant brain tumor, is characterized by high recurrence and mortality rates. Its effective treatment remains a therapeutic challenge in clinical neuro-oncology. Despite over twenty years of exploring new therapies for glioma, progress in improving patient survival outcomes has been limited. Tumor vaccines, as a promising therapeutic approach, may offer hope for glioma treatment. Currently, tumor vaccines targeting glioma include peptide vaccines, dendritic cell vaccines, and nucleic acid vaccines. Neoantigens, due to their high specificity and resistance to central immune tolerance, are ideal targets for tumor vaccines. Although promising results have been resulted in preclinical and clinical for glioma vaccines, there are still challenges impeding vaccine therapy for glioma. Therefore, future glioma vaccine applications must focus on the important roles of epitope spreading and antigen quality in enhancing immune response and therapeutic effectiveness. In this review, we discuss the current glioma vaccine antigen targets and types, introduce recent important clinical studies on glioma vaccines, and propose strategies to address potential barriers to vaccine application.
Keywords: Glioma, Vaccine, Epitope spreading, neoantigen, antigen hierarchy sequencing
Received: 17 Apr 2025; Accepted: 09 Jun 2025.
Copyright: © 2025 Xing, Liu, Feng, Li and Chen. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
* Correspondence: Yuping Chen, Baoding Hospital, Beijing Children’s Hospital, Capital Medical University, Baoding, China
Disclaimer: All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.