CASE REPORT article
Front. Oncol.
Sec. Pediatric Oncology
Volume 15 - 2025 | doi: 10.3389/fonc.2025.1614698
Case Report: Hepatic Infantile Hemangioma Malignantly Transformed into Hemangiosarcoma
Provisionally accepted
- West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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In this study, we retrospectively analyzed the clinicopathological features of a case of hepatic infantile hemangioma (HIH) that malignantly transformed into hemangiosarcoma. HIH, a congenital disease, is the most common benign tumor of the liver in children, and its malignant transformation into hepatic angiosarcoma (HAS) is rare. HIH expresses markers of vascular origin and specifically expresses glucose transporter protein isoform 1. When the malignant transformation of HAS occurs, the vascular lumens anastomose with each other and form a sieve mesh, with pseudo-papillae and solid areas, heterogeneous proliferation of tumor cells, spindle/or epithelioid morphology, heterogeneous distribution of chromatin, enlarged nuclei, and pathologic karyotypes, with strong diffuse positivity of P53 and P16, increased Ki-67 proliferative activity, suggest malignant transformation of HAS. Imaging is the preferred examination method for HIH; however, the presence or absence of characteristic changes in HAS is unclear. There is no uniform treatment guideline for this type of tumor, and a reasonable individualized treatment plan should be formulated according to the specific conditions of the children. There is a lack of case reports of the malignant transformation of HIH into HAS. It is unclear whether HIH treatment should be still extended, and the prognosis is also unclear; therefore, more case reports are needed to accumulate experience.
Keywords: Liver, infantile hemangioma, Hemangiosarcoma, malignant transformation, tumor
Received: 19 Apr 2025; Accepted: 20 Jul 2025.
Copyright: © 2025 Gu, Tao, Lu, Liu, Zhang and Lu. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
* Correspondence: Changli Lu, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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