ORIGINAL RESEARCH article
Front. Oncol.
Sec. Gynecological Oncology
Volume 15 - 2025 | doi: 10.3389/fonc.2025.1632026
This article is part of the Research TopicRevolutionizing Cancer Care: AI and Technological Advances in Breast and Gynecological OncologyView all 5 articles
Establishment and comparison of 3 fear of progression risk prediction models for gynecological malignancies patients based on machine learning
Provisionally accepted- 1Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, China
- 2Graduate School of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, China
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Objective: This study applied the Society Ecosystems Theory to investigate Fear of Progression (FoP) prevalence and predictors in gynecological malignancy patients. By constructing and comparing three machine learning models, we sought to identify the optimal scientifically validated predictive tool for FoP risk in clinical practice, thereby enabling early identification of high-risk populations and informing evidence-based targeted interventions. Methods: A convenience sample of 330 patients diagnosed with gynecological malignancies was recruited from a tertiary hospital in China between September 2023 and August 2024. Data were collected through validated instruments: the General Information Questionnaire, Fear of Progression Questionnaire-Short Form , Comprehensive Scores for Financial Toxicity , Chinese Dyadic Coping Inventory, Perceived Social Support Scale, and Chinese Memorial Symptom Assessment Scale. The dataset was partitioned into training (70%, n=231) and testing sets (30%, n=99) using stratified random sampling. Patients were classified into FoP and non-FoP groups based on diagnostic criteria. Three machine learning algorithms, logistic regression (LR), support vector machine (SVM), and random forest (RF) were implemented to develop FoP prediction models. Model performance was compared using accuracy, recall, precision, F1-score, and area under the ROC curve (AUC-ROC) to select the optimal model. Results: This study included 330 patients with gynecological malignancies, with a FoP incidence of 52.7% (n = 174). All three models identified social support, dyadic coping, mindset bias, and elevated tumor markers as significant predictors of FoP (P < 0.05). Additionally, symptom distress and financial toxicity demonstrated significant predictive value in the SVM and RF models. Comparative analysis revealed that the RF model outperformed the LR and SVM models in overall predictive performance. Conclusions: The Random Forest-based prediction model exhibited optimal performance, demonstrating high accuracy and reliability in identifying FoP risk among gynecological malignancy patients. It can provide a scientific foundation for early FoP detection and personalized intervention strategies. These findings underscore the clinical utility of combining machine learning approaches with social-ecological theory to advance precision nursing practices in psycho-oncology care.
Keywords: gynecological malignancies, Fear of progression, machine learning, Predictive Modeling, Nursing
Received: 20 May 2025; Accepted: 30 Sep 2025.
Copyright: © 2025 Xiong, Wang, Wang, Qi, Yu, Xia and Gao. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
* Correspondence: Junxiang Gao, 27800262@hebmu.edu.cn
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