The Role of Cytostatic in Oxidative Stress Reactions

Renata Polaniak^1*Aleksander Kwiatkowski²Michał Górski³Elżbieta Grochowska-Niedworok⁴Małgorzata Latocha⁵

• ¹Department of Dietetics, Division of Human Nutrition Faculty of Public Health in Bytom Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Bytom, Poland
• ²Department of Human Anatomy, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Poland
• ³Department of Chronic Diseases and Lifestyle Hazards, School of Public Health in Bytom, Medical University of Silesia, Bytom, Poland, Bytom, Poland
• ⁴Health Public School in Nysa, Poland, Nysa, Poland
• ⁵Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy with Division of Laboratory Medicine in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Sosnowiec, Poland

Cytostatic drugs are widely applied in cancer therapy. Among the most commonly used agents are anthracyclines, such as doxorubicin, and platinum (II) complexes, including cisplatin, carboplatin, and oxaliplatin. Treatment with cytostatic drugs has been shown to enhance the mitochondrial production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Cells regulate redox homeostasis through scavenging systems, with antioxidant enzymes playing a crucial role in neutralizing ROS. Key enzymes involved in this defense include superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione S-transferase, whose activity may be modulated under oxidative stress conditions. Previous research has documented the effects of cytostatic drugs on cancer cell cultures in vitro, as well as the corresponding alterations in antioxidant enzyme activity observed under these conditions.