ORIGINAL RESEARCH article
Front. Pharmacol.
Sec. Inflammation Pharmacology
Volume 16 - 2025 | doi: 10.3389/fphar.2025.1611637
This article is part of the Research TopicVolume II: Anti-inflammatory drug development focusing on immune mediated diseasesView all 3 articles
Antagonizing IL-6 receptor restores pancreatic tissue resident NK cells activation and ameliorates pancreatic injury in the mouse model of MASH
Provisionally accepted
- An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine
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Background and Aim: Metabolic-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) and pancreatic inflammation are key complications of obesity-related metabolic syndrome. Elevated IL-6; a proinflammatory cytokine, contributes to liver steatosis and pancreatic β-islet cells dysfunction. This study explores pancreatic tissue-resident (tr)NK cells IL-6 receptor (IL-6R) in pancreatic injury in a murine MASH model. Methodology: MASH models were established using male Ob/Ob mice fed a high-fat diet (Ob/ObHFD; 60.3% kcal from fat) for four weeks and using immunocompromised NOD-SCID IL2rγnull (NSG) mice fed with HFD for 16 weeks and i.v. injected with 10x106 pancreatic trNK and treated with IL-6R antagonizing antibody on week 12. Biochemical assays assessed serum ALT, AST, lipids, glucose, and insulin levels. Pancreatic injury was analyzed through mRNA expression of Reg1, Reg3, oxidative stress marker of tissue malondialdehyde (MDA) and b-islet cells’ proliferation and apoptosis. Fibrotic markers of α-SMA, Collagen-I, and Fibronectin were assessed via RT-PCR and trNK cell activation (CD107a, NKp46, IFN-γ) were assessed by flow cytometry. Results: Ob/ObHFD mice exhibited increased serum cholesterol, triglycerides, fasting blood glucose, and liver injury enzymes. Markers of pancreatic injury of Reg1/ Reg3 and pancreatic MDA with b-islet cells apoptosis were significantly elevated compared to littermates’ control. These results were accompanied by a decline in trNK counts and activations (P<0.05). In an adoptive transfer model, NSG mice fed with HFD and transplanted with trNK cells from Ob/ObHFD donors (expressing high IL-6) exhibited similar pancreatic injury markers, whereas those receiving trNK cells from Ob/ObHFD mice pre-treated with an IL-6R antagonist showed marked reductions in Reg1/Reg3 (~2-fold), MDA (~1.77-fold), and β-islet cells apoptosis (~2.2-fold). Moreover, phenotypic characterization of the NSG mice fed an HFD transplanted with IL-6R antagonizing antibody showed an increase in the NK cell activation marker CD107a (~2.3-fold) and amelioration in pancreatic fibrotic profile of α‑SMA mRNA expressions of 1.6 -fold when compared to its counterparts. Conclusion: Our data highlights the importance of IL-6R modulation on trNK cells in remodeling pancreatic tissue after liver injury, emphasizing the liver-pancreas axis as a therapeutic target to prevent pancreatic damage, β-islet cells dysfunction and fibrosis and reduce the risk of diabetes and metabolic syndrome.
Keywords: Pancreatic injury, Pancreatic fibrosis, trNK cells, IL-6, IL-6R, MASH
Received: 14 Apr 2025; Accepted: 18 Jun 2025.
Copyright: © 2025 Amer, Arra, Salhab, Kayed, Maali, Shweiki and Ghanim. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
* Correspondence: Johnny Amer, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine
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