ORIGINAL RESEARCH article
Front. Pharmacol.
Sec. Drugs Outcomes Research and Policies
Volume 16 - 2025 | doi: 10.3389/fphar.2025.1628024
Cost-effectiveness of Rilertinib Versus Osimertinib in Second-line Treatment in EGFR T790M Resistance Mutation Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer in China
Provisionally accepted
- School of International Pharmaceutical Business, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
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Background: Rilertinib, a third-generation epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI), has demonstrated a favorable efficacy and safety profile in adult patients with EGFR T790M+ advanced NSCLC. This study examined the cost-effectiveness of rilertinib compared with osimertinib in the second-line treatment for EGFR T790M mutation-positive advanced NSCLC in the Chinese healthcare setting. Methods: A Markov model was developed to project economic and health outcomes. An unanchored matching-adjusted indirect comparison (MAIC) was used to compare the efficacy of rilertinib with osimertinib. Cost and utility values were obtained from Chinese health system data, public databases, and the published literature. Model robustness was assessed through deterministic and probabilistic sensitivity analyses (PSA). Results: The incremental life-years (LYs) and quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) for the rilertinib group versus the osimertinib group were 0.34 and 0.30, respectively. The total cost for the rilertinib group was $3,774.60 higher than that for the osimertinib group. The incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) for rilertinib group compared with osimertinib group was $12,786.08, which is lower than one time the GDP per capita ($13,444.68). Based on the willingness-to-pay (WTP) thresholds in China, rilertinib represented a cost-effective option. Relative efficacy and drug costs parameters were the key drivers of the model outcomes. PSA showed rilertinib's cost-effective probabilities were 51.6% at one-time GDP per capita and 90.2% at three-times GDP per capita ($40,334.05) WTP threshold. Conclusion: From a Chinese health care system perspective, second-line treatment of EGFR T790M resistance mutation advanced NSCLC with rilertinib may have cost-effectiveness compared with osimertinib.
Keywords: Rilertinib, Osimertinib, Cost-Effectiveness, Non-small cell lung cancer, epidermal growth factor receptor, China
Received: 13 May 2025; Accepted: 29 Sep 2025.
Copyright: © 2025 Li, Lu, Lu, Zhou, Xie, Zhou, Qiu, Dai and Chang. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
* Correspondence:
Zhanjing Dai, kaydaizj@163.com
Feng Chang, 1019951163@cpu.edu.cn
Disclaimer: All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.