REVIEW article
Front. Pharmacol.
Sec. Pharmacology of Ion Channels and Channelopathies
Volume 16 - 2025 | doi: 10.3389/fphar.2025.1639859
This article is part of the Research TopicThe Sodium Pump and Cardiotonic Steroids in Health and DiseaseView all 4 articles
Factors that Influence the Na/K-ATPase Signaling and Function
Provisionally accepted
- 1Marshall University, Huntington, United States
- 2West Virginia Department of Health and Human Resources, Charleston, United States
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The transmembrane Na/K-ATPase is located in the plasma membrane of all mammalian cells. It utilizes energy from ATP hydrolysis to execute its pumping function and interacts with other proteins and/or kinase molecules to execute its signaling function. Digoxin, one of the earliest identified cardiotonic steroids (CTS) that specifically binds to the Na/K-ATPase, has been widely prescribed to manage patients with cardiovascular disease (CVD) and heart failure (HF) for over 200 years. Elevated plasma levels of CTS have been observed in patients with hypertension, chronic kidney disease (CKD), CVD, and congestive HF. After extensive research efforts spanning decades, there remain unresolved disagreements regarding the various mechanisms underlying the Na/K-ATPase signaling functions. This article examines the known and controversial mechanisms that initiate the Na/K-ATPase signaling functions and their related regulatory mechanisms.
Keywords: Na/K-ATPase, Cardiotonic steroids, signaling, ROS, pharmacological
Received: 02 Jun 2025; Accepted: 11 Jul 2025.
Copyright: © 2025 Gao, Xu, Bai, Puri, Tian and Liu. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
* Correspondence: JIang Liu, Marshall University, Huntington, United States
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