REVIEW article
Front. Pharmacol.
Sec. Pharmacogenetics and Pharmacogenomics
Volume 16 - 2025 | doi: 10.3389/fphar.2025.1640401
This article is part of the Research TopicPharmacogenomics of Drug Hypersensitivity ReactionsView all articles
Role of pharmacogenomics for prevention of hypersensitivity reactions induced by Aromatic Antiseizure Medications
Provisionally accepted
Angel T. Alvarado1*
Amparo Iris Zavaleta2César Li-Amenero3María R. Bendezú4Jorge A. García4Haydee Chávez4
Juan José A. Palomino -Jhong4Felipe Surco-Laos4Doris Laos-Anchante4Elizabeth J. Melgar-Merino4Pompeyo A. Cuba-Garcia4Paulina Eliades Yarasca-Carlos5- 1Research Unit in Molecular Pharmacology and 4P Medicine, VRI., Saint Ignatius of Loyola University, Lima, Peru
- 2Molecular Biology Laboratory of the Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry of the National University of San Marcos, Lima, Peru., Lima, Peru
- 3Hospital Victor Larco Herrera, Magdalena del Mar, Peru
- 4Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, San Luis Gonzaga National University of Ica, 11004, Ica, Peru., Ica, Peru
- 5Biological Sciences Faculty, San Luis Gonzaga National University of Ica, 11001, Ica, Peru., Ica, Peru
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Epilepsy is the second most common neurological condition worldwide, characterized by recurrent, unprovoked, self-limiting seizures of genetic, acquired, or unknown origin. The objective was to describe the pharmacogenomic markers associated with hypersensitivity reactions induced by aromatic antiseizure medications. This review explored the pharmacokinetics, pharmacogenomics of CYP2C9 and HLA associated with hypersensitivity reactions, immunopathogenesis and its clinical implications. The included studies applied odds ratio (OR), 95% confidence interval (95% CI) and p value, as association statistics between severe cutaneous adverse reactions (SCARs) including Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) and toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN). An association study was found between CYP2C19*2 and SCARs induced by carbamazepine, phenytoin and phenobarbital. Five studies of CYP2C9*3 associated with phenytoin-induced SCARs, four studies of CYP2C9*
Keywords: pharmacogenomics, Hypersensitivity reactions, antiseizure medications, Epilepsy, clinical implications
Received: 03 Jun 2025; Accepted: 28 Jul 2025.
Copyright: © 2025 Alvarado, Zavaleta, Li-Amenero, Bendezú, García, Chávez, Palomino -Jhong, Surco-Laos, Laos-Anchante, Melgar-Merino, Cuba-Garcia and Yarasca-Carlos. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
* Correspondence: Angel T. Alvarado, Research Unit in Molecular Pharmacology and 4P Medicine, VRI., Saint Ignatius of Loyola University, Lima, Peru
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