ORIGINAL RESEARCH article
Front. Pharmacol.
Sec. Ethnopharmacology
This article is part of the Research TopicPlant Polyphenols: New Chemical and Pharmacological ApproachesView all 6 articles
Acacia seyal polyphenol-enriched fraction inhibits triple-negative breast cancer cells with anti-metastatic potential and prevents 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene-induced breast cancer in rat through immunomodulation
Provisionally accepted
Alain Brice Tueche1
Michael Hermann Kengne Kamdem2Jordan Lembe Tonga2Edwin Mpoh Mmutlane2
Derek Ndinteh2
Stephane Zingué3,4*
Dieudonné Njamen1- 1Universite de Yaounde I Faculte des Sciences, Yaoundé, Cameroon
- 2University Of Johannesburg Department of Chemical Sciences, Auckland Park, South Africa
- 3Faculty of Medecine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaounde 1, Yaounde, Cameroon
- 4Universite de Yaounde I Faculte de Medecine et des Sciences Biomedicales, Yaoundé, Cameroon
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Breast cancer with metastasis killed 665,684 patients globally despite government efforts. Plants are the subject of an ongoing search for safe alternatives. This study aimed to assess anticancer potential of Acacia seyal polyphenol-enriched fraction (ASpo) in vitro on breast cancer cells and in vivo on DMBA [7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene]-breast cancer model in Wistar rats. Cell growth, proliferation, clone formation, caspase-3, wound healing, chemotaxis and cell adhesion were assessed in vitro; while tumor incidence, tumor volume, organ mass, histopathological, hematological, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory markers were in vivo endpoints. Among the 3 fractions tested in vitro, ASpo compared to control, inhibited (p ˂ 0.01) MDA-MB 231 cells growth, proliferation and clone formation at 50 µg/mL. It increased caspase-3 and inhibited cell migration and invasion (p ˂ 0.01) with increase (p ˂ 0.01) adherence to collagen and fibronectin. In vivo, like tamoxifen and letrozole drugs, ASpo reduced tumor incidence (50%), and tumor volume from 7827.30 mm3 (adenocarcinoma SBRIII, 10% lymphocytes infiltration) in DMBA to 804.32 mm3 (adenocarcinoma SBRII, 30% lymphoytes infiltration) at 37.5 mg/kg. It increased femur and thymus' mass, lymphocytes and monocyte levels (p < 0.001) in serum, reduced (p < 0.001) TNF-α, IL-6, IL-12, EGF, nitrites levels whereas increased SOD, catalase and major INF-γ cytokine (p < 0.001). ASpo equally showed a safety profile on toxicity organs. Taken altogether, these findings suggest that Acacia seyal polyphenol-enriched fraction has inherited total extract anti-breast cancer activities and could be a promising natural cheap alternative with optimized bioactivity.
Keywords: Mammary tumor, metastasis, DMBA carcinogen, Polyphenolic extract, antioxidant, Monocytes, INF-γ cytokine
Received: 30 Jul 2025; Accepted: 31 Oct 2025.
Copyright: © 2025 Tueche, Kamdem, Tonga, Mmutlane, Ndinteh, Zingué and Njamen. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
* Correspondence: Stephane Zingué, stephane.zingue@fmsb-uy1.cm
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