REVIEW article
Front. Pharmacol.
Sec. Ethnopharmacology
Volume 16 - 2025 | doi: 10.3389/fphar.2025.1688676
This article is part of the Research TopicReviews in Ethnopharmacology: 2025View all 38 articles
Recent Advances in Bletilla striata Polysaccharide Research: Extraction Methodologies, Structural Elucidation, Pharmacological Mechanisms, Structure-Activity Relationships, and Therapeutic Delivery Applications
Provisionally accepted
- 1Natural Products Discovery Institute, Doylestown, United States
- 2People's Hospital of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Yinchuan, China
- 3Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
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Bletilla striata are a traditional Chinese medicine used for hemostasis, detumescence, and tissue regeneration. Its major bioactive component, Bletilla striata polysaccharide (BSP), is a water-soluble heteropolysaccharide composed primarily of mannose and glucose. Various extraction techniques—including hot water, ultrasound-assisted, and microbial fermentation methods—have been developed to isolate BSP, with extraction parameters significantly influencing its structural features. BSP exhibits diverse pharmacological activities, such as wound healing, immunomodulation, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and gut microbiota regulatory effects. Despite extensive studies, the structure–activity relationships and toxicological profile of BSP remain incompletely understood. Owing to its favorable biodegradability and biocompatibility, BSP shows promise as a nanocarrier for drug delivery. This review summarizes advanced purification and structural characterization techniques, pharmacological mechanisms, potential toxicities, and drug delivery applications of BSP, providing a translational framework for future research and development.
Keywords: Bletilla striata, polysaccharide, Bioactivity, structure-activity, relationships, Drug carrier
Received: 19 Aug 2025; Accepted: 29 Sep 2025.
Copyright: © 2025 Bo, wu, Ma, Liu, Tao, Zhou and Jia. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
* Correspondence: Wang Bo, wangking1126@163.com
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