CASE REPORT article
Front. Psychiatry
Sec. Mood Disorders
Volume 16 - 2025 | doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1536232
Case report: Intranasal Esketamine combined with a form of generative Artificial Intelligence in the management of treatment-resistant depression
Provisionally accepted
- University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
Select one of your emails
You have multiple emails registered with Frontiers:
Notify me on publication
Please enter your email address:
If you already have an account, please login
You don't have a Frontiers account ? You can register here
Introduction: Intranasal Esketamine is an effective rapid-acting antidepressant currently used to treat treatment-resistant depression. Artificial intelligence is another emerging tool in medicine, but little is known about the effectiveness of combining these innovations in psychiatry. Methods: This case report presents the outcome of a 37-year-old patient who received intranasal Esketamine treatment (84 mg) and utilized artificial intelligence (ChatGPT-4) to generate images and interpretations of his experiences with dissociation. This process was conducted in the presence of a nurse who assessed and supported the patient. The Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) was used to measure the severity of depression at the beginning of each session. Results: The patient achieved remission from depression, with MADRS scores declining by 50% in the third session, and the scores indicated mild depression or euthymia in the eight subsequent sessions. The patient reported that incorporating artificial intelligence-generated images and interpretations helped him create a timeline of his experiences at the end of each session. Discussion: This case report highlights the potential effectiveness of combining intranasal Esketamine treatment with generative artificial intelligence images and interpretations as part of an integration process. It also emphasizes the importance of having a nurse present to support the process. Further research is needed to determine which patients may benefit most from this combined treatment approach.
Keywords: intranasal esketamine1, Artificial Intelligence2, treatment-resistant depression3, case report4, Depression5
Received: 28 Nov 2024; Accepted: 20 Jun 2025.
Copyright: © 2025 Fraichot, Favre and Richard-Lepouriel. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
* Correspondence: Alexandre Fraichot, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, 1205 Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
Disclaimer: All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.