ORIGINAL RESEARCH article
Front. Psychiatry
Sec. Anxiety and Stress Disorders
Volume 16 - 2025 | doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1584789
This article is part of the Research TopicBidirectional Links Between Psychological Trauma and Physical Symptoms: Pathophysiology, Diagnosis, Prevention, and TreatmentView all 7 articles
Kinesiophobia and associated factors among patients after cardiac surgery under cardiopulmonary bypass ：A cross-sectional study
Provisionally accepted
- 1Clinical Trial Center, Department of Early Phase Clinical Research Unit, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
- 2Clinical Trial Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
- 3Nursing Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
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Background: Kinesiophobia is a significant psychological factor that affects the early ambulation of postoperative patients, and is especially prevalent among postoperative cardiac patients. Nonetheless, few studies have explored this phenomenon in patients following cardiac surgery under cardiopulmonary bypass.The primary objective of this study was to investigate the prevalence of kinesiophobia and its contributing factors in patients after cardiac surgery under cardiopulmonary bypass, to inform the development of targeted intervention strategies to address kinesiophobia, enhance patient motivation and adherence to early activities, and optimize postoperative rehabilitation outcomes.A cross-sectional survey was conducted, assessing patients via questionnaires, including the Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia Heart, Exercise Self-Efficacy Scale, D Personality Scale-14, Pain Catastrophizing Scale, and Family Care Index Questionnaire. The χ2 test, Fisher's exact test, and Mann-Whitney U test were used for univariate analysis, and binary Logistic stepwise regression analysis was adopted for multivariate analysis. The difference was considered statistically significant at P<0.05.The study encompassed a total of 293 patients, of whom 45.73% (134 patients) exhibited kinesiophobia. Binary logistic regression identified the following risk factors: being accompanied by a nursing assistant (OR = 9.009, P < 0.001), longer cardiopulmonary bypass duration (OR = 1.005, P < 0.05), delayed first postoperative ambulation (OR = 4.031, P < 0.05), Type D personality (OR = 2.582, P < 0.01), heightened safety concerns (OR = 8.270, P < 0.05), and pain catastrophizing (OR = 4.253, P < 0.001). Conversely, family function and exercise self-efficacy mitigated kinesiophobia (P < 0.05).Conclusions: Kinesiophobia is highly prevalent and multifactorial in post-cardiopulmonary bypass patients. Healthcare providers should prioritize patients with the above risk profiles, while also establishing financial/emotional support systems, improving patient-family communication, optimizing acute pain management, implementing Enhanced Recovery After Cardiac Surgery protocols, and leveraging technology to design rehabilitation programs. These measures may reduce kinesiophobia and maximize the benefits of early ambulation.
Keywords: Cardiopulmonary Bypass, cardiac surgery, Kinesiophobia, Associated factors, postoperative rehabilitation
Received: 27 Feb 2025; Accepted: 23 Jun 2025.
Copyright: © 2025 You, Mou, Cao, Song, Li, Luo, Hu and Song. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
* Correspondence:
Min You, Clinical Trial Center, Department of Early Phase Clinical Research Unit, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
Qianqian Mou, Clinical Trial Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
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